ICD imatanthawuza zochitika zapadziko lonse zolemba za matenda. Zizindikiro za ICD ndizophiphiritsira zomwe zimaperekedwa ku matenda onse, kufotokozera zizindikiro, ndi chifukwa cha imfa yomwe imatengedwa ndi anthu.
Zigawozi zimapangidwa, kuyang'anitsidwa, ndi kulamulidwa ndi World Health Organization (WHO). Ku United States, NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics), mbali ya CMS (Centers for Medicare ndi Medicaid Services) imayang'anira kusintha konse ndi kusintha kwa ma CD, mogwirizana ndi WHO.
Pano pali momwe WHO ikufotokozera dongosolo la ICD:
Ma ICD amagwiritsira ntchito "matenda onse okhudza matenda, matenda a zaumoyo komanso ntchito zachipatala. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusanthula momwe anthu ambiri amakhalira ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuwunika kwa chiwerengero cha matenda ndi mavuto ena azachuma mogwirizana ndi zosiyana siyana monga zizindikiro ndi zochitika za anthu omwe adakhudzidwa, kubwezeredwa, kugawa chuma, khalidwe, ndi malangizo. "
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa odwala? Izi zikutanthawuza kuti chidziwitso chilichonse chomwe munthu angapatsidwe chingakhale ndi code, chiwerengero chowerengedwa, chomwe chikupita ndi icho. Lamuloli limatanthauza kuti dokotala aliyense ku United States ndi mbali zina za dziko lapansi amvetsetsa zomwezo. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, ngati mutapezeka kuti muli ndi GERD ( acid reflux ), mudzapatsidwa code 530.81. Ngati muyendayenda m'dzikoli ndikusowa kuti muwone dokotala chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa mtima kwanu, adzaika 530.81 pa zolemba zanu.
The 530.81 ndi mtundu ICD.
Ngati matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri-chinachake chomwe chimachokera kuchipatala ngati chiphuphu kapena chimfine-ndiye chiwerengero cha ICD chidzakhala chosafunika kwa ife. Chifukwa chakuti matenda kapena chikhalidwe chidzatha, chikhocho chidzakhalabe pa rekodi yathu, koma sichidzakhudza chisamaliro cha mtsogolo. Komabe, ngati tapezeka kuti tili ndi vuto lachilendo kapena la moyo wathu wonse, monga matenda a mtima kapena shuga, ndiye kuti chiwerengero cha ICD chidzatitsatira pa chithandizo chamankhwala chathu ambiri ndipo chidzathandiza othandizira zaumoyo kuti adziwe zomwe tikufuna.
Monga zolemba zamankhwala zamagetsi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'dziko lonse lapansi, malemba awa adzakhudza chisamaliro chathu mochulukirapo.
Pali Zipangizo zambiri za ICD
Pali zowonjezera mndandanda wa zizindikiro izi, zonse zomwe zimakhudzana. Ngakhale nambala za chikhomo zingakhale zomwezo, nthawizina adzakhala ndi ziwerengero zoonjezera kapena makalata omwe amawagwiritsira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mu zitsanzo izi, kugwiritsa ntchito # kudzakhudzana ndi nambala. Onani tsatanetsatane wa manambalawa, pansipa.
- Manambala a ICD - ## - CM amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kupeza matenda. CM imatanthauza "kusinthidwa kwachipatala." Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zipatala ndi zipangizo zina kuti afotokoze zovuta zaumoyo zomwe wodwala ali nazo, kuchokera ku matenda omwe amapezeka kuti amachokera kuchipatala. Pamene tikupita kumabuku ochuluka a zamankhwala, zizindikirozi zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi madokotala ndi akatswiri ena azachipatala.
- Manambala a ICD amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akuluakulu a zaumoyo kuti athetse matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wina akudwala chimfine, ICD-9-CM 486 idzalembedwa. Matenda ena, omwe amawopsa kwambiri, kapena omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo cha umoyo monga khansa ya m'mapapo kapena kachilombo ka HIV, amatsatiridwa ndi olamulira kuti athandizire kudziwa momwe akufalikira, kumene akufala, komanso kuthandiza pulojekiti kapena kafukufuku wogwira ntchito kupewa.
- Zizindikiro za ICD zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pofotokoza chifukwa cha imfa. Iwo amawonjezeredwa ku zilembo zakufa kuti afotokoze chifukwa chake winawake wamwalira. Zambiri mwa izi, zimatsatiridwa ndi akuluakulu azaumoyo.
- Manambala a ICD amagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse (kumbukirani kuti achokera ku WHO) ndipo dziko lililonse lingagwiritse ntchito zizindikiro kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zawo. Choncho, zizindikiro zina zidzakhala ndi makalata owonjezera omwe akuwonjezeredwa kuti afotokoze dziko lomwe amachokera. Mwachitsanzo, makalata a ICD - ## - CA amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Canada ndi ICD - ## - AM akugwiritsa ntchito ku Australia.
Kodi Numeri Imatanthauza Chiyani? ICD-09, ICD-10, ndi ena
Zizindikiro za ICD zinayamba koyamba mu 1893 ku France ndi dokotala, Jacques Bertillon.
Anatchedwa kuti Bertillon Classification of Causes of Death. Mu 1898, anavomerezedwa ku United States ndipo amalingalira, makamaka, ICD-1 chifukwa imeneyo inali nambala yoyamba ya manambala a ma code.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, monga sayansi ya zamankhwala yapita patsogolo ndipo zatsopano zatulukira kale, zotchulidwa ndi zofotokozedwa, ndondomeko zazomwe zikusinthidwa. Chiwerengero cha chiwerengero chimasintha pamene zosinthazo ndizowonjezereka kuti kusintha kwakukulu kumafunika. Pakhoza kukhala zosinthika pachaka, naponso, koma izo zimawonedwa kuti ndizochepa, ndipo mfundo zoyambirira sizimasintha. Mwachitsanzo, kusinthidwa mu 1949, ICD-6, inali nthawi yoyamba matenda osokoneza maganizo omwe anawonjezeredwa ku code. Kusintha kwa 1977 ku ICD-9 inali nthawi yoyamba ndondomeko yowonjezeredwa, ndipo CM idaphatikizidwa.
Mndandanda wamakono wamakono omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ICD-10 yomwe ikuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States. Mndandanda umenewu unagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ku United States mu 2007. Zomwe zinapangidwanso zidawonjezeredwa ku chiwerengero cha ICD-10 zomwe zinaperekedwa kumayambiriro kwa 2009 ndi National Center for Health Statistics. Nthawi yomalizira yomaliza mfundo za ICD-10 inali mu October, 2015.
Padziko lonse lapansi, maiko ena padziko lonse adatsata malamulo a ICD-10.
Ngati muwona makalata a ICD pa mapepala anu a zamankhwala, monga mapepala a dipatimenti ya madokotala, ngongole za madokotala kapena EOB yanu ( kufotokozera phindu ) kuchokera kwa wobweza wanu, mungafune kufanana ndi chikhombo cha ICD kuti mudziwe .