Malo omwe amadziwika kuti subarachnoid, malo osungirako amadzimadzi ndi malo odzaza madzi omwe ali pakati pa chinsalu chakuya (msinkhu wotsalira) wa msana wam'mimba ndi chikhomo chapakati (arachnoid mater).
Kupanga Njira Zopangira Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo (IDDSs)
Malo osungirako mankhwala angakhale ngati njira yothandizira mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala opweteka.
Mwachitsanzo, mapampu amadzimadzi omwe amadziwika ngati mapompo opweteka kapena mapopu a morphine, gwiritsani ntchito njirayi.
Kupereka mankhwala opweteka m'malo mwa intrathecal mmalo mwa kumwa mapiritsi podziwa kuti thupi liyenera kukumba ndi kumwa mankhwala. Izi kawirikawiri zimamasulira kuwoneka bwino kupweteka ndi kuchepa kwa mlingo. Pachifukwa ichi, jekeseni wa mankhwala opweteka mu malo osokoneza ubongo angapereke mpumulo wopweteka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi njira zina zothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi ululu waukulu, wopweteka. Imeneyi ndi njira yodalirika yothetsera ululu wopweteka kwambiri. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngati mukuyesera ndipo simukuzikonda, kapena ngati mutasankha njira yochiritsira yosiyana, simukuyenera kupitilira - mpopu imatha kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.
Mungapangidwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo osakanikirana ngati mutakhala ndi nthawi yaitali, ululu wopweteka kwambiri ndipo mwakhala mukuyesera mankhwala osiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, osachiza kapena osapereka mankhwala) popanda kusintha. mu zizindikiro zanu.
Malingana ndi Ghafoor, Epshteyn, Carlson, Terhaar, Charry, ndi Phelps m'nkhani yawo, "Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa ululu wa nthawi yaitali," yomwe inafalitsidwa mu magazini ya American Journal of Health System Pharmacy mu December 2007, pali kusowa umboni wothandizira kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo chifukwa cha zovuta zowonongeka.
(Randomized controlled clinic trials ndi mtundu wapamwamba wa kafukufuku wamankhwala woyerekeza mankhwala ena ndi mankhwala ena, popanda chithandizo kapena mankhwala achipongwe.)
Ghafoor, et. Amanenanso kuti chifukwa chakuti mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapampu a mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapezeka pamsika, amafunika kuwonjezeredwa ndi asayansi. Mitundu ya mankhwala monga: Opioids , anesthetics kumidzi, clonidine, baclofen, ndi ziconotide, amati.
Ofufuzawo akuwonjezera kuti asayansi ndi ofunikira kwambiri pazomwe amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo chifukwa akugwira nawo ntchito zochuluka - kuchoka ku msinkhu komanso kuchepetsa vutoli kuti asapewe mavuto pakati pa odwala, zolemba, kuyang'anira ndi kulamula, komanso kuwonjezera mankhwalawa.
Kuopsa kwa Mapampu A Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Ngakhale pampu yomwe imapereka mankhwala ku chipinda cha intrathecal imathandiza anthu kuti achepetse ululu wawo ndi kubwezeretsa miyoyo yawo, njirayi imabwera ndi zoopsa zingapo. Medtronic, wopanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala amalembetsa matenda, msana wamathamanga, ndi mutu ngati atatu. Kuwonongeka kwa chipangizo ndi chinthu china choopsa, iwo amati.
> Chitsime:
> Ghafoor VL, Epshteyn M, Carlson G., Terhaar D., Charry O., Phelps P. Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Amtundu wa Mankhwala Othawa Kwambiri. Am J Health Pharm. Dec 2007.
> Ubwino ndi Zowopsyeza - Mapampu A Mankhwala. Chisoni Chakumapeto. Medtronic.