Imodzi mwa Mankhwala Operekedwa Pa Opaleshoni Kwa General Anesthesia
Munthu wodwala manjenje (nthawi zina amatchedwa minofu yotsekemera) ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopumula kwambiri lomwe limapangitsa minofu yambiri ya thupi kusagwedezeka. Malinga ndi Medscape: Succinylcholine, kuthamanga msanga, kuchitapo kanthu kanthawi kochepetsetsa, kumakhala mankhwala osankhidwa pofunika kupuma msanga.
Chifukwa Chimene Amagwidwa Ndi Matenda Opunduka
Nthaŵi zina, odwala manjenje amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mbali ya anesthesia , pofuna kupewa kuthamanga pakapita opaleshoni.
Ngati anesthesia anangopangitsa wodwala kugona, akadatha kusunthira panthawiyi. Izi zikhoza kubweretsa mavuto aakulu kwa dokotalayo, yemwe akugwira ntchito ndi zida zolimba kwambiri pamadera osavuta a thupi.
Pa opaleshoni, ngakhale kayendetsedwe kakang'ono kopanda chidwi, monga kupweteka kwa minofu, chingayambitse cholakwika. Chinthu chofanana ndi chinyontho chingakhale choopsa. Pa chifukwa ichi, makamaka pa mitundu ina ya opaleshoni, ndizofunika kwambiri kuti wodwalayo asasunthike panthawi ya opaleshoni, kupatulapo kayendetsedwe koyenera kupuma.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza; Mwachitsanzo:
- kuyika chubu lopuma mphepo
- kwa opaleshoni ya m'mimba
- kwa opaleshoni ya mmero
- kwa opaleshoni zina mu chifuwa chokhudza mtima ndi / kapena mapapo
Momwe Mankhwala Opunduka Amagwirira Ntchito
Mankhwala ambiri olemala amachokera ku mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatchedwa curare. Chomera chobadwira ku South America, poyamba chinali kugwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zowonongeka panthawi ya kusaka.
Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1940, curare inali kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo cha kupweteka kwa anesthesia. Kuyambira m'ma 1950, akatswiri ofufuza anayamba kupanga mankhwala othandizira ziwalo. Ngakhale kuti izi zinali zothandiza pa opaleshoni, ambiri anali ndi mavuto monga kuchepa kapena kusadziŵika.
Mankhwala olumala amatsitsimutsa minofu mpaka kufika pamene sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito minofu yambiri ya thupi.
Minofu ya diaphragm, yomwe imathandiza mapapu kukhala odzaza ndi oxygen, amatha kusuntha, kotero n'zosatheka kutulutsa mpweya. Ngati mankhwala operekera ziwalo amaperekedwa, mpweya ndi mpweya wabwino zimakhala zofunika.
Mankhwala amtundu uwu amaperekedwa kudzera mu IV ndipo amapezeka muzipatala komanso malo opaleshoni. Odwala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala, ndipo mlingowo uyenera kusankhidwa mosamala. Ngakhalenso pogwiritsira ntchito bwino ndikuwunika mosamala, zotsatira zitha kuchitika. Zotsatira zina zofala zimaphatikizapo chifuwa cha mtima, kupuma mwamsanga, chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, kupweteka pachifuwa, ndi kutentha kwa thupi.
Pamene opaleshoni yatha, mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti asinthe zotsatira za mankhwala olumala. Zitsanzo monga acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, neostigmine, ndi edrophonium. Mofanana ndi mankhwala olumala, mlingo umayenera kukhala woyenera kupeŵa zotsatira zoipa.
Zomwe Ziwalo Zowonongeka Simukuchita
Odwala ziwalo amachititsa thupi kusuntha; sichimakhudza ululu kapena kukumbukira. Popanda kusungunuka, wodwalayo angakhale maso nthawi yomwe akuchita opaleshoni ndipo sangathe kusuntha. Pa chifukwa ichi, sedation imaperekedwanso pa opaleshoni kuti athetse odwala kuti asamve ululu kapena kukumbukira zochitika za opaleshoni.
Ndizophatikizapo mankhwala ozunguza bongo ndi munthu wodwala manjenje amene amachititsa kuti odwala ambiri apitirize kuchita opaleshoni ambiri.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolemba, Christopher. Anesthesia. Kusaka. Webusaiti. 2015.
> Raghavendra T. Mavuto osokoneza bongo. Journal ya Royal Society ya Mankhwala . 2002; 95 (7): 363-367.