Kusungunuka kwa msana kwakhala "opaleshoni ya golidi" kwa mitundu yambiri ya mavuto a mmbuyo kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma malinga ndi otsutsawo, kutumiza m'malo - njira yatsopano ku United States - tsiku lina lidzatha.
Koma pakalipano, ambiri amtundu wa mimba amachitidwa kusiyana ndi malo onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa msana monga matenda osokoneza bongo, scoliosis ndi zina zambiri.
Ndipo izi ndizosautsa nkhawa zopitirira ndi mafunso osayankhidwa pokhudzana ndi kusakanikirana.
Kafukufuku woyerekeza poyerekeza ndi chiŵerengero cha lumbar m'mphepete mwa msana kuti awononge malo onse okhala pakati pa chaka cha 2000 ndi 2008 adapeza kuti mawotchi opatsiranawo amaimira 2% ya opaleshoni ya msana. Phunziroli linafalitsidwa mu magazini ya October 2011 ya Journal of Surgical Neurology International.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Kupatula Opaleshoni Yopangidwanso?
Dothi lonse lamatsenga linakhazikitsidwa, mwina mbali imodzi, chifukwa chodandaula za zotsatira zamtundu wa msana zimakhala ndi zigawo zowonongeka pamwambapa ndi pansi pa malo opaleshoni. Chifukwa chakuti mafupa awiri oyandikana nawo amagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi mumtsempha wa msana - kuthetsa kusuntha konse mumtsempha wanu - momwe msana wanu umasinthira pambuyo poti ntchitoyo ikusinthidwa, ndi kupanikizika kowonjezeka pamagulu oyandikana nawo. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti kuwonjezereka kwina kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kumadera amenewa.
Ena sali otsimikiza kuti kusintha kwa msana kusanthanso kwa msana kumachitika ndi opaleshoni.
Mwanjira iliyonse, kuganiza kumbuyo kwa chida chonsecho kumakhala kuti kumathandiza kuti msana utha kusuntha pa msinkhu. Mwanjira iyi, kukhala ndi gawo lamasewera kungathandize kuchepetsa zochitika za positi zochepetsera kusintha m'mayendedwe oyandikana nawo.
Kukhazikitsidwa m'magulu a msana pamwamba ndi pansi pa tsamba la msana wa msana kumatchedwa kuti gawo lozungulira, kapena ASD .
Opaleshoni Yokonzanso Zipangizo - Kodi Timadziwa Chiyani?
Ngakhale opaleshoni yosungira kayendetsedwe ka mawotchi, ndi mtundu wotsatiridwa monga mtundu wamba, akadali watsopano ku United States, umboni umatsimikizira kuti uli ndi mphamvu. Komabe, ofufuza akupitiriza kusonkhanitsa deta yakale pa zotsatira ndi zoopsa.
Pofotokoza zotsatira zake, chaka cha 10, zotsatira za nthawi yayitali yomwe inalembedwa mu nyuzipepala ( Scientific Reports) mu 2017 inalimbikitsa chidziwitso chodziwika bwino (pakati pa opaleshoni ndi akatswiri, makamaka) kuti zotsatira za opaleshoni yotsatiridwa ndi kusakaniza ndi ofanana. Ofufuzawa anapeza kuti kusintha kwa ASD pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, kufulumira kwa zotsatira zozizira ndi zopweteka zonsezi zinali zofanana pakati pa njira ziwirizi.
Phunziro la 2017 lofalitsidwa mu Global Spine Journal linagwirizanitsa zotsatira pakati pa mitundu yonse yothandizira maulendo komanso opaleshoni ya opaleshoni m'magulu otsika. Ofufuzawa adapeza kuti odwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito diski akuwonetseratu kusintha kwa kupweteka kwaumphawi komanso kulemala kuposa odwala msana m'maphunziro onse opita opaleshoni (milungu isanu ndi umodzi, miyezi itatu, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi chaka chimodzi).
Komanso mu phunziro ili, odwala odwala amatembenuka kuntchito pa masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu posachedwa kuposa odwala.
Kodi Mumakonda Kupeza Opaleshoni Yowonjezereka?
Koma ichi chinali phunziro limodzi lokha pazowonjezera mitengo. Phunziro la 2015 lomwe linafalitsidwa mu Asian Spine Journal linapeza kuti pakalipano, opaleshoni yowonjezera ndikuchitanso opaleshoni inachitika pafupifupi mlingo womwewo ngakhale kuti opaleshoni yoyamba (yotchedwa "index") inali yowonjezeredwa ndi chiberekero kapena kawirikawiri anapatsidwa cervical discectomy ndi kusakanikirana kwa msana.
Izi zanenedwa, malinga ndi Dr. Dr. D. D. D. Auerbach, mkulu wa opaleshoni ya msana ku Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, mumzinda wa New York, koma odwala asanu okha okha omwe amafunikira opaleshoni ya msana amachititsa opaleshoni yokwanira kuti agwirizane.
Iye akuti, zikhoza kuphatikizapo kusankha kwa odwala. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kodi ndizovuta zotani kuti mukhale ndi zotsatira zotetezeka?
Zovomerezeka zowonjezereka kwa opaleshoni yonse yowonjezera ma diski zingaphatikizepo:
- Pakatikati kapena pamsewu wopuma
- chiwalo cha nyamakazi
- spondylolysis ndi spondylolisthesis
- herniated disc ndi radiculopathy
- matenda otupa mafupa
- pseudarthrosis
- kale opaleshoni ya msana
- akusowa malo osiyana siyana, ngakhale kuti phunziro la 2018 lofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Neurosurgery linapeza umboni wothandizira kubwezeretsa mu chikhomo cha khola kwa mzere umodzi kapena awiri.
> Zotsatira:
> Auerbach, J., MD. Chief of Spine Surgery, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Wothandizira Pulofesa Wopaleshoni, Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Kuyankhulana kwa foni. March 2012.
> Kutentha OO. ndi. al. Zotsatira za chiwerengero chonse cha disc arthroplasty pa opaleshoni ya opaleshoni ya matenda opatsirana pogonana: Kufufuza kwa Nationwide Inpatient Chitsanzo kuyambira 2000 mpaka 2008. Surgery Neurol Int. 2011.
Hellum, C., ndi. al. Kuchita opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lopweteka kwambiri komanso lachisokonezo chotsutsa. BMJ. May 2011.
> Mattei, T., MD, ndi. al. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544164/ Global Spine J. Aug 2017.
> Nunley, P., et. al. Cervical Disc Arthroplasty: Umboni Weniweni ndi Weniweni Wadziko Lapansi. Neurosurgery. Jan 2018.
> Skovrlj, B., ndi. al. Zotsatira Zotsatila Pambuyo Potsatila Mabala a Cervical. Asia Spine J. Jun 2015
> Yang, S., ndi. al. Kuchuluka kwa chiberekero cha dissectomy ndi opaleshoni ya kusakanikirana motsutsana ndi chida chonsecho. Scientific Reports 7, Nambala ya nambala: 16443. 2017.