Pali mayesero atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire ndikuthetsa matenda . Yoyamba ndi mabala a galasi, omwe amayang'ana pansi pa microscope atakhala ndi banga. Chikhalidwe chimathandizanso kudziwa chomwe chamoyo chikuyambitsa matenda mwa kulola mabakiteriya kuti akule kuti afufuzidwe bwino ndi kukhudzidwa kumatsimikizira mmene zamoyo zingapangidwire bwino.
Kupeza Chitsanzo
Ndondomekoyi imayamba ndi kupeza zitsanzo. Mitundu yambiri ya zitsanzo zingayesedwe kuphatikizapo exudate kapena pus kuchokera pa bala, nthenda, magazi, chotupa, kapena chitsanzo cha mkodzo. Chitsanzo chomwecho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa galasi, chikhalidwe, ndi kukhudzidwa.
Momwe Gram Stain Yakhalira
Tsamba la galama ndi "kuyang'ana mwamsanga" pa chitsanzo chimene akuganiza kuti n'cholandira. Mitundu yambiri ya zitsanzo zingathe kufufuzidwa motere. Zinthuzo zimadetsedwa, kutanthauza kuti wapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apange zosavuta kuziwona mosavuta pa microscope. Chitsanzocho chimayesedwa kuti mudziwe mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matendawa.
Chitsanzocho sichikhoza kusonyeza mabakiteriya okwanira kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa matendawa kapena angasonyeze kuti matenda sangatheke. Kuti mudziwe bwino zomwe ziri mu chitsanzocho, ndipo kuti mupeze kachilombo kakang'ono ka mabakiteriya omwe angakhaleko, chikhalidwe chikuchitidwa.
Momwe Makhalidwe a Magazi Amachitira
Kuti achite chikhalidwe, nyemba zimayikidwa pa mbale yomwe ili ndi sing'anga.
Ngati munayamba mutenga kalasi ya biology komwe munayambitsa mabakiteriya mu mbale ya petri, ndondomekoyi ndi yofanana koma imachitidwa mwakachetechete kuti muteteze kuipitsidwa kosayenera kwa nyembazo.
Chomera chamakono chimadyetsa mabakiteriya alionse amene angakhale nawo ndikuwathandiza kuti akule. Mbaleyo imayikidwa kudera lotentha, lotentha.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi mu sing'anga kakukula kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya kotero kuti zitsanzozo ndi zazikulu kuti zifufuzidwe pogwiritsa ntchito microscope.
Mabakiteriya amavomerezedwa kukula kwa masiku osachepera asanu, koma zotsatira zowonjezeranso zimatheka ngati mabakiteriya okwanira atakula kuti afufuze. Mabakiteriya, ngati alipo, ayenera kukhala akuluakulu kuti awone pa mfundoyi.
Zikondwerero zamagazi zimakhala zofala, koma mkodzo, kasupe, ndi madzi ena amthupi angathe kuyesedwa mofanana. Cholinga ndi chimodzimodzi: kudziwa ngati mabakiteriya alipo, ndi mabakiteriya otani omwe alipo, ndi njira yabwino yothetsera matenda.
Momwe Kumvera Kumapangidwira
Chikhalidwe chikamatha ndipo malo ambiri okwana mabakiteriya atha kukhalapo, chidwi chimatha kuchitika. Zitsanzo zing'onozing'ono za ma antibayotiki khumi zimayikidwa pa mbale yakukula. Pambuyo pake, mbaleyo imafufuzidwa kuti mudziwe mankhwala omwe amachiza mabakiteriya omwe alipo.
Mwachitsanzo, antibiotics penicillin, ciprofloxacin, ndi tetracycline akhoza kuikidwa pa mbale. Pankhaniyi, mabakiteriya ozungulira penicillin amasiya kukula, mabakiteriya ozungulira ciprofloxacin amakula pang'ono, ndipo mabakiteriya ozungulira tetracycline akupitirirabe kukula.
Lipoti lachitsimikizo ichi liwonetsere penicillin ngati "tcheru," ciprofloxacin ngati "pakati," ndipo tetracycline ingatchulidwe "kusagonjetsedwa."
Chikhalidwe ndi Chisankho Chotsatira
Odwala amachiritsidwa kuti asatenge kachilomboka musanafike zotsatira za chikhalidwe komanso kukhudzidwa. Chikhalidwe ndi kukhudzidwa kungatenge pafupifupi sabata, kotero pakadali pano, wodwala amene akuganiza kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV mwina akulandira mankhwala opha tizilombo, monga kuyembekezera sabata kungakhale kovulaza. Kumvetsetsa kungathandize kuthandizira chithandizo, kuti athe kusankha mankhwala abwino kwambiri kwa wodwalayo.
Mu chitsanzo chathu chakale, chisamaliro cha wodwalayo chinasonyeza penicillin chinali mankhwala abwino kwambiri kwa mabakiteriya ndi tetracycline.
Mfundoyi ndi yothandiza pamene wodwalayo angakhale akulandira china osati penicillin ngati mankhwala. Zotsatira zokhudzidwa zimamuuza wothandizira zaumoyo kuti wodwala angaperekedwe bwino mwa kusintha kwa penicillin, zomwe zimapereka "chithandizo" chabwino cha mabakiteriyawa, kapena kuti mankhwala omwe alipo tsopano ali oyenera kwa wodwalayo.
Chikhalidwe ndi Chisamaliro Musanayambe Maantibayotiki
Chikhalidwe ndi kukhudzidwa ziyenera kuchitidwa musanayambe kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala opha tizilombo ngati kuli kotheka. Zotsatirazi zikhoza kusokonezeka, kapena palibe mabakiteriya omwe akhoza kukula pa mbale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kapena zosatheka kudziwa mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Nthaŵi zina, mababu akhoza kubwezeretsedwa ngati wodwala ali ndi malungo atsopano kapena zizindikiro zatsopano za matenda atayamba mankhwala ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo.
Mawu Ochokera
Mwachidule, chikhalidwe ndi kukhudzidwa ndi njira yodziwira njira yabwino yothandizira maantibayotiki a matenda. Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda omwe amabweretsa mabakiteriya ndipo amayankha ma antibiotic osiyanasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chomwe chimachiza matenda amodzi sichikhoza kuchiza matenda ena, ndicho chifukwa chikhalidwe ichi ndi chidwi ndizofunikira. Chikhalidwe ndi kukhudzidwa zimapereka wothandizira kuti adziwe mankhwala abwino kwambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda popanda kuyesedwa ndi kulakwitsa, mu labotale, m'malo moganiza kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe angagwire bwino ntchito.
> Chitsime:
> Kuchepetsa Kufufuza. Medline Plus.