Kumvetsetsa Lipoti Lanu la Mammogram kapena Ultrasound
Kodi mlingo wa BIRADS wapamtima ndi wotani ndipo umatanthauzanji?
Pogwiritsa ntchito ziwerengero zambiri zamtunduwu zomwe zimachitika kudera lonseli, akatswiri a radiologist ankayembekeza kupeza njira yowonetsera ndi kuyerekeza mamemogram. Popeza mammograms amachitika pa malo osiyanasiyana ndipo amawerengedwa ndi radiologists osiyanasiyana, onse omwe angagwiritse ntchito mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana ndi malemba, kufananitsa kungakhale kovuta pokhapokha.
Kuti tiphunzire mgwirizano pakati pa zofufuza za mimba ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere, tinafunikira njira yoyerezera zithunzi za mammogram zomwe zimachitidwa pa chiwerengero cha amayi. Kulankhulana kwa Kugonana kwa Chifuwa ndi Dongosolo la Dongosolo (BIRADS) ndi yankho ku kusowa kwa deta yosasinthasintha komanso yofanana.
Ngati mwakhala ndi mamemogram ndipo mudapatsidwa mpikisano wanu wa BIRAD mungakhale mukudabwa kuti mudziwe chiyani. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa magulu asanu ndi limodzi, ndi zomwe zikutanthauza kwa inu malinga ndi maphunziro omwe akuyang'ana chiwerengero cha amai.
Kufotokozera Kugonana kwa Chifuwa ndi Dongosolo la Data (BIRADS) -Definition
Lipoti lanu la mammogram likuphatikizapo mfundo zambiri zamakono kuphatikizapo zofufuza zilizonse ndi kufotokoza za zovuta zonse. Gawo limodzi la lipoti lanu lidzakuwonetsani chiwerengero cha Chidziwitso cha Chiwerewere ndi Chidule cha Data (BIRADS).
Maphunziro anu a BIRADS ndi nambala pakati pa chimodzi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zimasonyeza maganizo a radiologist pankhani ya kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa khansa ya m'mawere.
Tidzakambirana zomwe ziwerengero zosiyanazi zikutanthauza pansipa, koma ndizofunikira kukambirana zomwe mukupeza ndi dokotala wanu. Zotsatira za ubereki sizikhoza kuikidwa nthawi zonse m'modzi mwa magulu asanu ndi limodzi ndipo ndizofunika kumva zomwe akuganiza za iwe makamaka, osati kungomva nambala.
Zotsatira zanu zidzakupatsani lingaliro la momwe mungapewere ndi njira zomwe mungathe kuchita.
BIRADS inakonzedwa ndi American College of Radiologists monga muyezo woyerekezera ndi maonekedwe a mammograms ndi mawere a ultrasound zithunzi . Amakhazikitsa chigawo cha Kukula (LOS) -kutheka kwa khansa ya m'mawere .
Kupeza Zotsatira za Mamamogram ndi Mapepala A BIRAD
Pambuyo pa mammogram kapena m'mawere a ultrasound, katswiri wa zamagetsi adzawerenga fanolo ndi kulemba lipoti, kupereka maganizo pa chifuwa chanu.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti mamembala ndiwo mtundu wa "inde" ayi. Izi sizomwe zimawoneka pazinthu zomwe zili m'munsimu, ndipo pali zambiri pakati pa imvi kapena pamtunda zomwe zimapezeka pa mammograms ndi ultrasounds. Pokhala wothandizira nokha m'moyo wanu, ndikofunikira kuti inu nonse mupezeko zotsatira zanu, ndipo kambiranani ndendende zomwe mammogram anu akufotokoza ndi dokotala wanu kapena / kapena radiologist.
Cholinga cha BIRAD Zochitika
Mapepala a BIRAD adzakupatsani chiwerengero pakati pa 0 ndi 6 omwe mukupeza zomwe mukupeza pa mammogram, koma kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa inu panokha?
- Mapu a 0: Mapu a 0 sakutanthauza kuti palibe zopeza za nkhawa. M'malo mwake izi zikutanthawuza kuti wanu ultrasound kapena mammogram sangathe kuwerenganso popanda kufotokozera zina kapena zojambula mayeso.
- Zambiri za 1 mpaka 2: Zovuta wa 1 kapena 2 kwenikweni "amaoneka bwino" ndi kufotokozera malipoti omwe palibe chachilendo amawonekeratu, kapena kuti zovuta zomwe a radiologist amawona zikuoneka kuti ndi zovuta kwambiri. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti simuli pachiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere kapena simungathe kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti khansara ya m'mawere ikhoza kukhala ndi mammogram, ndipo izi sizichitika nthawi zonse. Ngati chiwerengero chanu cha mammogram chiri m'gululi, ndi kofunikira kuti mukhale ndi matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mafupipafupi omwe mumapanga ndi dokotala wanu. Ndifunikanso kutsata zovuta zonse zomwe mwadziwonera nokha pazoyezetsa mawere. Mayeso ena, monga mawere a MRI kapena chifuwa cha m'mawere angakhale osowa ngakhale ngati chiwerengero chanu cha BIRAD chiri 1 kapena 2 ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kapena zovuta (monga chibadwa cha chibadwa cha khansa ya m'mawere).
- Zaka 3 mpaka 5: Mapu oposa atatu amatanthauza kuti mudzafuna mtundu wina wotsatira. Izi zingaphatikizepo malingaliro ena, m'mawere ultrasound, m'mawere a MRI, mawonekedwe a chifuwa cha m'mawere , kapena kuphatikiza kwa mayesero ena kapena ena.
- Maphunziro a 6: Maphunziro a 6 amaperekedwa kokha pokhapokha atayesedwa ndipo akupezeka kuti ali ndi khansa. Pankhaniyi, chithandizochi chikafunidwa ndithu.
Zolemba za BIRADS:
Mndandanda waumwini ukufotokozedwera pano, kuphatikizapo kuphatikizidwa mu tebulo ili m'munsi kuti muthe kulingalira kusiyana kwake.
Gawo 0: Zosakwanira
Mamimba kapena ultrasound yanu siyinapereke kwa radiologist chidziwitso chokwanira kuti mudziwe bwinobwino. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti dokotala wanu amadandaula kwambiri ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Zingakhale kuti kafukufuku wanu akuwonetsa minofu yowopsya kuchokera pachiyambi kapena opaleshoni yomwe yapita kale kapena kuti mtanda wa m'mawere womwe uli waukulu kwambiri kuti umve mosavuta sungaganizire bwinobwino. Muyenera kukhala ndi chithunzi chotsatira.
Gawo 1: Yachibadwa
Palibe mafupa okayikira kapena ma calcifications kuti awononge ndipo minofu yanu ikuwoneka yathanzi.
Gawo 2: Wopanda kapena Wosayenera
Mawere ndi ofanana kukula ndi mawonekedwe ndi minofu amawoneka bwino. Magulu onse a cysts, fibroadenomas , kapena masamba ena amaoneka ngati amanyazi.
Gawo 3: Mwinamwake Benign
Palibe zithunzithunzi, masses, kapena ma calcifications omwe angakayike, koma zotsatila kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe khansa ilipo. Izi zingakhale zofunikira ngati radiologist yanu ilibe maziko anu kapena mammogram yapitalo poyerekeza.
Gawo 4: N'kutheka kuti ndilolera
Pali zilonda zokayikitsa, masses, kapena ma calcifications kuti lipoti komanso mawere a chifuwa akulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana dera lokayikira.
Gawo 5: Malignant
Pali anthu ambiri okhala ndi khansa. A biopsy akulimbikitsidwa kuti adziwe bwinobwino. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngakhale kuti gululi ndi "loyipa" pali mitundu yambiri yomwe ingawoneke ngati khansara koma yomwe ikugwirizana ndi njira yowononga. Zinthu monga adenosis , fat necrosis , zilonda zakuthengo , mastitis, ndi zina zambiri nthawi zina zimatha kufanana ndi khansara pamtambo.
Gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi: Matenda a Malignant : Gawo 6 limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati minofu ya chiwopsezo yafufuzidwa ndikupezeka kuti ili ndi khansa. Ngati ndi choncho, mankhwala monga opaleshoni , chemotherapy, ndi / kapena ma radiation amafunika.
ZINYAMATA Zolemba Zapamwamba
| Gulu | Kudziwa | Chiwerengero cha Zofunikira |
| 0 | Zosakwanira | Mamimba kapena ultrasound yanu siyinapereke kwa radiologist chidziwitso chokwanira kuti mudziwe bwinobwino; chithunzi chotsatira ndichofunika |
| 1 | Zoipa | Palibe kanthu kowonetsera; Kuwonera mwachizolowezi kunalimbikitsidwa |
| 2 | Benign | Kufufuza kosavuta kwenikweni; Kuwonera mwachizolowezi kunalimbikitsidwa |
| 3 | Bwerani Kumisonkhano Yathu | Zomwe zili ndi mwayi waukulu wa kukhala woipa (> 98 peresenti); miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yotsatizana |
| 4 | Kusakanizidwa kokayikitsa | Osakhala ndi khalidwe la khansa ya m'mawere, koma zowoneka kuti ndizoipa (3 mpaka 94 peresenti); biopsy iyenera kuganiziridwa |
| 5 | Amatsutsa kwambiri Malignancy | Chotupa chomwe chiri ndi mwayi waukulu kwambiri wokhala wopweteka (> = 95 peresenti); tengani zoyenera |
| 6 | Malinkhulidwe Odziwika Odziwika Owonetsedwa | Zilonda zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizosautsa zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale chisanafike chithandizo; onetsetsani kuti chithandizochi chatsirizidwa |
Zoperewera za Mapiritsi a BIRAD
N'kofunikanso kuzindikira kuti mphambu yanu ya BIRADS siimalowe m'malo mwa dokotala kapena ma radiologists maganizo anu ponena za mammogram, ultrasound, mayesero ena, kapena zofufuza pa kafukufuku wa kuchipatala. Zotsatira zina sizingagwirizane bwino ndi magulu apamwambawa, ndipo ngakhale m'magulu, pakhoza kukhala zofufuza zambiri. Kwa amayi achichepere, makamaka ana, ndi achinyamata, chiwerengero cha BIRADS sichingakhale chodalirika
Pansi pazomwe mumalemba BIRADS
Mapiritsi anu a BIRAD anu pa mammogram ndi / kapena ultrasound akugwera m'magawo asanu ndi limodzi chifukwa cha mwayi uliwonse wopeza khansa ya m'mawere. Zotsatirazi zingakhale zothandiza pofotokoza momwe mumadziwira ndikuchiritsidwa, koma nthawi zonse muzigwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu kapena / kapena radiologist. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zofufuza pa mammogram kapena ultrasound zokha sizingathe kudziwa ngati khansa ilipo. Nthawi zina khansa imasowa mu mammogram, ndipo mosiyana, zina zomwe zimawoneka ngati khansara zingakhale zonyansa. Kuyesedwa kwina, kaya ndi bere la MRI kapena chifuwa cha m'mawere chingakhale chofunikira, mosasamala kanthu kuti malingaliro anu ndi otani pa zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri ya banja lanu.
> Zotsatira:
> John's Hopkins Medicine. Kujambula kwa Chifuwa, Kufotokozera, ndi Dongosolo la Data (BIRADS). https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/breast_center/treatments_services/breast_cancer_screening/digital_mammography/breast_imaging_reporting_data_system.html
> Koning, J., Davenport, K., Poole, P., Kruk, P., ndi J. Grabowski. Kujambula kwa M'mawere-Kufotokozera ndi Dongosolo la Dongosolo (BIRADS) Kuunikira mu 51 Kusakanikirana Kwambiri kwa Matenda a Matenda Achibelewere. Journal ya American College of Odwala Opaleshoni . 2014. 219 (3): S78-S79.