A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt ndi chipangizo chothandizira kuchepetsa kupanikizika kwambiri pa ubongo. Pali zovuta zina zomwe ubongo umakhala pangozi ya kupanikizika kwa thupi chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa madzi kapena magazi. Kutuluka kwa madzimadzi ambiri m'zigawo za ubongo zomwe zimatchedwa ventricles ndi / kapena malo ozungulira ubongo amatchedwa hydrocephalus.
Hydrocephalus ingayambitse zotsatira za nthawi yaitali, ndipo ingakhale yopseza moyo. Hydrocephalus angapangitse kuwonjezeka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amatanthauza kupanikizika kwambiri m'thumba. Njira imodzi yosamalirira hydrocephalus ili ndi VP shunt, yomwe imayambitsanso madzimadzi kutali ndi ubongo ndi kumalo ena a thupi lomwe lingathe kupirira mosavuta madzi.
VP shunt iyenera kukhazikitsidwa mwa njira yopaleshoni. Ngati muli ndi VP shunt kapena ngati mukuyenera kukhala ndi VP shunt, ndiye kuti zingakhale zothandiza kuti mudziwe zambiri za VP kusuta kotero kuti mudziwe zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera.
Kodi VP Ndikutani?
VP shunt ndi chubu losalala lomwe lili ndi zigawo ziwiri, limodzi pamapeto. Mapeto amodzi a chubu ali pansi pa chigaza, mkati mwa zinyama .
Mapeto ena a chubu amapita pansi kupyolera mu thupi, ndi kutsegula komwe kumakhala mu dera lomwe lili pafupi ndi mimba, lomwe limatchedwa peritoneum.
Kugwirizana kumeneku pakati pa zinyama za ubongo ndi m'mimba pamatumbo amalola kuti madzi ochulukirapo amatha kuchoka ku ubongo ndi kulowa mu peritoneum, kumene sizowononga ndipo kwenikweni zimaphatikizidwa ndi thupi.
VP shunt ingakhalenso ndi valve yomwe ingasinthidwe kuti isinthe mlingo wa kutuluka kwa madzi.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Mukufunikira VP Shunt?
Pali zinthu zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zingayambitse madzi ambiri mkati kapena ubongo. Magaziwa akhoza kukhala magazi kapena akhoza kukhala cerebrospinal fluid (madzi, michere yomwe ili ndi madzi omwe amatetezera ndi kukulitsa ubongo), kapena akhoza kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri.
Chifukwa ubongo umatetezedwa mwachangu, palibe njira yomwe madzi othawirako amatha kuthawa. Choncho, kutaya madzi kwambiri kumatulutsa ubongo, zomwe zingawononge ubongo kwambiri. Ndipotu, madzimadzi ambiri amatha kupha munthu ngati ziwalo zina za ubongo zimakhala zovuta. Madera ofunikira awa ali makamaka mu ubongo ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito moyenera monga kupuma, mtima wamtima, ndi magazi.
Ntchito ya VP shunt ndiloleka njira yopulumukira kuwonongera koopsa kwa magazi kapena magazi. Pali njira zingapo zosiyana zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa mavuto ozungulira ubongo. Njirazi zimaphatikizapo kutsekedwa kwa lumbar, craniotomy (kuchotsa mbali ya chigaza kulola malo a ubongo), ndi VP shunt. Mkhalidwe wanu ungafunike njira imodzi kapena imodzi mwa njirazi kuchotsa kapena kuthetsa mavuto owonjezera mkati kapena mkati mwa ubongo wanu.
Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingayambitse magazi kapena cerebrospinal fluid mu ubongo. Izi ziphatikizapo:
- Kusokonezeka kwa mutu kumayambitsa magazi ndi kutupa.
- Kutaya magazi mu ubongo
- Sitiroko yoopsa kapena yaikulu imayambitsa kutupa m'mimba ya stroke.
- Sitiroko yowonongeka imayambitsa magazi ku ubongo.
- Kuchokera kwa ubongo kapena kupweteka kwapadera (AVM) kupweteka kumayambitsa magazi ku ubongo.
- Kutupa kwa ubongo (edema) kumachitika chifukwa cha kusamvetsetsana kwa madzi, kuwonjezereka kwa madzi, kapena kuchepetsa kubwezeretsa kwa madzi.
- Malformation a ubongo kapena msana amalepheretsa kutuluka kwa cerebrospinal fluid mu ubongo ndi msana.
- Mankhwala ena amachititsa kuti madzi asapangidwe kapena kuchepetsa kubwezeretsa madzi.
- Kutupa kwa ubongo, msana kapena cerebrospinal fluid.
- Matenda a ubongo (encephalitis) kapena matenda a meninges omwe amateteza ubongo (meningitis)
- Zosokoneza hydrocephalus
- Mavuto ambiri a hydrocephalus
- Pseudotumor cerebri
- Chotupa cha ubongo
- Kansa kuchokera ku thupi kufalikira ku ubongo
Kodi Mungakonzekere Bwanji VP Shunt ndi Zimene Muyenera Kuyembekezera
Kuyika kwa VP shunt kumafuna njira yomwe imaphatikizapo opaleshoni ya ubongo ndi opaleshoni ya m'mimba.
Mwinamwake mwakhala nawo VP shunt yomwe mwayikidwa ngati mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kosautsa kwapachilendo. Ngati mukuyenera kukhala ndi VP shunt, mumakhala ndi mayesero angapo otsogolera ndipo mudzapatsidwa malangizo okhudza nthawi yomwe mungathe kudya ndi kumwa masiku opita opaleshoni yanu. Kuphatikizanso apo, mukufunika kuti wina akutengereni kuchipatala ndipo wina angakufikitseni kunyumba mutatha.
Ngati muli ndi VP shunt, muyenera kukhala osamala za mutu, kufooka, kapena masomphenya owonetsetsa ndipo mulole gulu lanu lachipatala kudziwa ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi. Mapulogalamu anu olimbitsa thupi angafunikire kusintha pang'ono kuti shunt ikhoze kukhala yotetezeka, yotetezeka, ndi yoyera.
Kodi VP Kuchokera Chifukwa Choyipa Kapena Zovuta?
Ngakhale si zachilendo, pali mavuto ena omwe angathe kuchitika ndi VP shunt. Mavuto ndi awa:
- Kutenga: Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati matenda opatsirana, monga mabakiteriya, amafikira mbali iliyonse ya shunt ndi kufalikira mu madzi onse.
- Kusokoneza / kusagwira ntchito / kutseka: shunt ikhoza kupotoka, kapena ikhoza kutsekedwa chifukwa cha magazi, matenda, kutupa, kapena kufala kwa khansara.
Kodi Permanent VP Shunt?
Malingana ndi zochitika, VP shunt ikhoza kukhala yachanthawi kapena yosatha. Ngati chifukwa cha hydrocephalus yanu ndi idiopathic (osadziwika), congenital (yomwe ilipo kuyambira kubadwa), kapena chifukwa cha chilema mu ubongo kapena msana, pali mwayi waukulu kuti mukhale ndi VP shunt yanu nthawi yaitali.
Komabe, ngati VP shunt yanu ikuyikidwa mwadzidzidzi, monga kutupa kwa stroke, matenda a ubongo, kapena kutuluka mwa ubongo, ndiye pali mwayi waukulu kuti shunt yanu ingachotsedwe kamodzi chifukwa cha kutupa yathetsedwa.
Mawu Ochokera
VP shunt ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zochitika zazikulu zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto pa ubongo. Ngati muli ndi VP shunt kapena mukufuna VP shunt, muyenera kusunga mankhwala anu kuti musamakhale ndi mavuto kuti muthe kuchipatala mokwanira.
Mukasintha nthawi yokonza shunt yanu, mudzaphunzira kuzindikira zowonetsera zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti muyenera kusamalira shunt yanu. Ngati pamapeto pake mutha kuchotsa VP shunt yanu, mwinamwake mudzapeza bwino popanda nkhani zokhudzana ndi VP shunt yanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Bozhkov Y, Roessler K, Hore N, Buchfelder M, Brandner S, Neurological zotsatira ndifupipafupi zowonjezereka zowonongeka ndi hydrocephalus mwachindunji zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa ventriculo-peritoneal shunt valve mtundu, Neurol Res. 2017 May 1: 1-5.