Kumvetsetsa opaleshoni ya mtima
Kuchita opaleshoni ya mtima katatu ndi opaleshoni yotseguka yomwe imachitika pamene mitsempha ya magazi yomwe imadyetsa mtima imakhala yokutidwa kwambiri kuti igwire bwino. Kuchita opaleshoni ya mtima imeneyi nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa ngati njira yotsegulira mtima, kutanthauza kuti dokotala akugula chifuwa kuti awone mtima ndikuchita opaleshoni.
Opaleshoni ikhoza kuchitidwa ngati njira yowonongeka yomwe chifuwa sichinatsegulidwe.
Ndondomekoyi ndi yosavuta kuposa opaleshoni yotsegulira mtima, ngati odwala ambiri ali oyenerera njira imeneyi.
Anatomy of Human Heart
Kuti mumvetse njira ya katatu yozungulira, nkofunika kumvetsetsa zinthu zochepa zokhudza thupi la mtima ndi matenda a mtima. Mitsempha ya magazi yomwe imapereka mtima ndi magazi ake omwe amatchedwa mitsempha ya coronary . Kwa anthu ena, mitsempha yamakono imatsekedwa, chidziwitso chodziwika kuti matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha .
Ngati kutsekemera kuli koopsa, kungathetsere kuthamanga kwa magazi kudera la mtima umene umadyetsedwa ndi chotengera cha magazi. Kuletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumtima ndi koopsa kwambiri-ngakhale mitsempha yaing'ono kwambiri-chifukwa imatha kupweteka pachifuwa, matenda a mtima, kapena imfa.
Zowirikiza, Tatu, Quadruple, kapena Quintuple Bypass
Chiwerengero cha zombo zomwe zimadwalitsa zimayambitsa chiwerengero cha zitsulo zamatsenga zomwe zimasowa zozizwitsa-zomwe zidzachitike.
Ngati zitsulo zitatu zatsekedwa ndipo zikuyenera kuti zidutsitsidwe, opaleshoniyo imatchulidwa ngati katatu chifukwa ma graft atatu amachitidwa. Ngati ziwiya ziwiri zadutsa opaleshoniyo zimatchedwa kubwereza kawiri , ndi zina zotero. Njira zowonongeka za Quintuple, kumene ziwiya zisanu zadutsa, sizikusowa, koma zida zinayi zomwe zilipo ndizofala.
Kuphatikiza pa zoopsa za anesthesia wambiri , zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa ndondomeko ya mtima zimayamba kuwonjezeka ndi chiwerengero cha zozizwitsa zomwe zimafunikira, pamene opaleshoni imatenga nthawi yaitali ndipo matenda amtundu wa mankhwala amachiritso ndi ovuta kwambiri.
Zimene Muyenera Kuyembekezera pa Opaleshoni Yambiri Yodutsa Mtima
Nthawi zambiri, matenda a mitsempha yamatenda amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala, kusintha kwa moyo, ndi njira zochepetsera zochepa monga kusungidwa kwa mbola. Komabe, kwa odwala ena kusungidwa ndi koopsa kwambiri kotero kuti opaleshoni ndi yofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mtima ukupitirira kulandira magazi okwanira. Njirayi imadziwika ngati mitsempha yamakono yodutsa opaleshoni yachitsulo (CABG) .
Zomwe zimachitidwa ndi anesthesia ambiri, ndondomeko imayambira ndi mitsempha ya mthupi imatengedwa kuchokera kumalo ena a thupi, makamaka mbali ya kumapazi ndi kumanzere kwa chifuwa. Kukolola mitsempha nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa ndi wothandizira wina wathanzi monga wothandizira wodwala (PA), pomwe gawo la chifuwachi likuchitika ndi opaleshoni ya cardio thoracic panthawi yomweyo.
Zombozi zimachotsedwa ku chotengera chamoyo choyambirira musanafike komanso chitatha. Sizowoneka mofulumira ndi galimoto yanu yomwe imatengera kupeĊµa ngozi, ndipo mwaziwo umagwedezeka pafupi ndi chotengera choletsedwa.
Chigawo chonse chotseguka cha ndondomekoyi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyendetsa mapaipi a mtima , omwe ndi makina ovuta omwe amagwira ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo pomwe opaleshoni. Dokotalayu amachita mofulumira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi imene wodwala akugwiritsa ntchito "pomp," kuti athe kuchepetsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa makinawa kumafuna madzimadzi okwanira ndipo nthawi zambiri kumapereka magazi kuti athandize kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi madzi omwe amachoka thupi, kukhala oxygenated, kenako kubwerera ku thupi. Pachifukwachi, anthu ambiri amapeza kuti adapeza mapaundi ochepa ndipo angapeze kuti "akudzikuza" masiku omwe akuchitika opaleshoni.
Pomwe wodwalayo akukwera ndi kusunthira, madzi owonjezerawa amasiya thupi ngati mkodzo.
Dokotala atatsiriza ndondomekoyi, zida zapachifuwa zimayikidwa kukhetsa madzi omwe amatha kumanga mozungulira mtima ndikuletsa mtima kuti usagwire ntchito bwino kapena kuchiritsa. Maipi amenewa amachotsedwa mkati mwa masiku ochepa opaleshoni. Sternum (breastbone) imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi pogwiritsa ntchito waya wapadera opaleshoni ndipo khungu limatsekedwa ndi sutures kapena zakuya.
Pambuyo Opaleshoni Yopweteka Mtima
Mosiyana ndi opaleshoni zambiri, wodwala amaloledwa kudzuka pang'onopang'ono ndi mwachibadwa kuchokera ku anesthesia, osati mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kuti am'dzitse wodwalayo. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, nthawi zambiri amatha opaleshoni maola anayi mpaka asanu asanayambe kugalamuka ndi kukhala maso, ndipo phukusi lopuma limakhalabe mpaka nthawi imeneyo. Tsiku loyamba pambuyo pochita opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chipatala cha chisamaliro cha mtima kapena ICU, kumene anamwino amatha kuyang'anitsitsa wodwalayo pamene ayamba kuchira.
Kwa odwala ambiri, cholinga cha maola 12 oyambirira opaleshoni sikuti amadzuka komanso kukhala ndi phukusi lopuma, koma atengepo pang'ono ndikukhala pampando nthawi imodzi komanso makamaka kawiri. Izi sizikutanthauza kungoyamba njira yowonongeka, koma kuteteza mavuto aakulu monga magazi ndi chibayo.
Kubwezeretsa Pambuyo Opaleshoni Yopitirira Mtima
Kubwezeretsedwa kwa njirayi kumatenga masiku angapo kuchipatala ndi miyezi ingapo atabwerera kwawo. Kwa ena, kuchiritsa kumaphatikizapo kukonzanso mtima kwa thupi-zochitika zolimbitsa thupi pansi pa diso lopenya la wothandizira-kuthandiza kulimbitsa mtima. Kwa ambiri, kupuma kumatenga masabata asanu ndi limodzi kapena khumi ndi awiri, ndipo kumatha ndi kubwerera kuzinthu zomwe zinakondwera musanachitike opaleshoni. Kwa ena, adzatha kuchita zambiri, monga momwe ntchito zawo sizidzathera ndi kupweteka pachifuwa.
Mawu Ochokera
Kumva kuti iwe kapena wokondedwayo mukusowa opaleshoni yovuta, mosakayikira, ndi zowawa. Kudziwa zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera kudzakuthandizani kukonzekera opaleshoni ndi kubwezeretsa pambuyo pake. Khalani omasuka kulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni - musazengereze kufunsa ndikukambirana maganizo kapena mafunso omwe akubwera m'maganizo. Ngati mungathe, bweretsani wokondedwa wanu kuti akuthandizeni kulembera ndondomeko ndikudziwitsanso.
Nthawi zambiri, opaleshoni ikuyenda bwino ndipo mudzayembekezera kubwerera kumoyo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ntchito zomwe mumakonda posachedwa-onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malangizo omwe opaleshoni yanu amapereka chisanachitike ndi pambuyo pa opaleshoniyo. Mwachitsanzo, kudya ndi kumwa sikungaloledwe mu maola angapo asanachitike opaleshoni ndipo chakudya chopatsa thanzi chidzakhala chofunikira pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti muteteze vutoli. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyo kusintha moyo wathanzi kusintha-mwinamwake kukuthandizani kudya kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse mwayi woti mufunikire opaleshoni yachiwiri. Gwirani ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lanu la thanzi kuti mukonze dongosolo lomwe limakuthandizani kwambiri.
Zotsatira:
Kodi Chida cha Coronary Chimafika Pamtanda? National Heart Lung ndi Magazi Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/cabg/cabg_whatis.html