Kumvetsetsa Phindu Labwino la A Inshuwalansi Zayekha
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito inshuwalansi ya zaumoyo ndi kuti ali phindu phindu la odwala. Koma tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino deta ndikuwona kumene zimatitengera ife. Kodi makampani a inshuwalansi apadera amakupindulitsanidi?
Kodi ndizofunika bwanji Inshuwalansi yaumoyo yaumwini?
Musanayankhe funso lokhudza phindu, nkofunika kuyang'ana momwe kukhala wathanzi wathanzi payekha ku United States kulili wamba.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi angati omwe angakhudzidwe ndi funso ili.
Malingana ndi deta ya Kaiser Family Foundation, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu a ku America anali ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo mu 2016 (makamaka Medicare ndi Medicaid). Enanso 9 peresenti sanavomerezedwe, koma ena onse ali ndi inshuwaransi yaumwini kuti iwo adagula okha pa msika pawokha (7 peresenti) kapena kufotokozedwa kwa abwana (49 peresenti). Pafupi theka la Achimereka ali ndi chithandizo choperekedwa ndi abwana, ngakhale kuti 63 peresenti ya iwo ali ndi chithunzi chomwe chimakhala ndi ndalama zodzipindulitsa ndi abwana (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti abwana ali ndi thumba lawo loti aziphimba ndalama, osati kugula chithandizo kuchokera ku inshuwalansi ya thanzi wothandizira).
Koma opindula ambiri a Medicare ndi Medicaid ali ndi chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa kudzera mu kampani ya inshuwalansi yathanzi, ngakhale kuti iwo alembedwera ndondomeko zothandizira zaumoyo.
33 peresenti ya opatsidwa mankhwala a Medicare amalembedwa ku Medicare Advantage mapulani omwe amayendetsedwa ndi inshuwalansi yathanzi yaumwini, ndipo mayiko 39 ali ndi Medicaid omwe amagwira ntchito zothandizira ndi anthu ogwira ntchito payekha kuti apeze zina kapena ma insina awo onse a Medicaid. Ngakhale pakati pa odwala a Original Medicare, kotenga gawo limodzi la Medigap limagula malonda a inshuwaransi zaumoyo ndipo nambalayi ikuwonjezeka (yowonjezera 6 peresenti kuyambira 2013 mpaka 2015 yokha).
Tikayika zonsezi pamodzi, zikuonekeratu kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu a ku America ali ndi chithandizo cha umoyo chomwe chaperekedwa kapena choyendetsedwa ndi kampani ya inshuwalansi yaumwini. Ndipo makampani a inshuwalansi zapayekha amayamba kupeza rap yoipa pankhani ya ndalama zothandizira.
Kodi Inshuwalansi Zopindulitsa Zopanda Phindu?
Nkhani zambiri zalembedwa ndi anthu kuyesa kufufuza nthawi yolembera. Zina mwa izi zikuwoneka kuti zimapindula ndalama ndi phindu lomwe limasokoneza. Inde, akuluakulu a inshuwalansi odwala inshuwalansi ali ndi ndalama zambiri, chifukwa akusonkhanitsa malipiro a insureds ambiri.
Koma mosasamala kanthu kuti ndalama zothandizira ndalama zimasonkhanitsa ndalama zotani, iwo amafunika kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zambiri pazinthu zamankhwala ndi kusintha kwa khalidwe la thanzi. Ndipo ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amadandaula kuti makampani a inshuwalansi a zaumoyo amapereka ma CEO awo ochulukirapo, zomwe zikuwonetseratu kuti kukula kwa malipiro a CEO kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa zaka zambiri zapitazi. Palibe ogulitsa inshuwalansi za umoyo omwe amaimira makampani 100 omwe ali ndi CEO omwe amapatsidwa ndalama zambiri, ngakhale pali makampani angapo a mankhwala.
Choncho ngakhale misonkho ya CEO isanu ndi iwiri kapena eyiti ikuwoneka ngati yopanda nzeru kwa wogwira ntchito, ndizogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe.
Ndipo akuluakulu a kampani ya inshuwalansi ya inshuwalansi si amodzi a CEO omwe amapatsidwa ndalama zambiri. Chowonadi chimakhalabe kuti malipiro ndi mbali imodzi ya ndalama zomwe bungwe la inshuwalansi la umoyo liyenera kuchepetsa pansi pa malamulo okhudzidwa okhudzana ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala omwe ali ndi ndalama. Ndipo kotero pali phindu.
Kodi Ogwirizira Zaumoyo Amapindula Motani?
Ngati tiyang'ana mapepala apakati pazinthu ndi makampani, makampani a inshuwalansi a zaumoyo ali pafupi kwambiri, ndipo ali ndi gawo limodzi la magawo 3,3 peresenti. Mwachidziwitso, mafakitale a mabanki ndi amalonda amakhala ndi malire opitirira 20 peresenti, ndipo opanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapanga maperesenti pafupifupi 22 peresenti.
ACA ikukhazikitsa malamulo a MLR omwe amafuna makampani a inshuwalansi kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zochuluka zomwe amapeza pa malipiro pazinthu zamankhwala. Izi zimangoletsa malipiro awo oyendetsa - kuphatikizapo malipiro akuluakulu ndi mapindu - osapitilira 20 peresenti ya ndalama zowonjezera. Koma palibe chofanana chomwechi kuchipatala, opanga zipangizo, kapena opanga mankhwala.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri kwa Makampani A Inshuwalansi: Kodi N'zomveka Kapena Wopanda Phindu?
Ndalama zaumoyo ndizochititsa kuti pakhale inshuwalansi ya inshuwalansi. Zowona kuti makampani a inshuwalansi okhaokha amapereka ma CEO awo mpikisano wothamanga ndipo ayenera kukhala opindulitsa kuti akhalebe bizinesi. Koma phindu lawo ndi lodzichepetsa poyerekeza ndi mafakitale ena.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena mutatha kuwerenga za phindu, phunzirani za zabwino zomwe mungapeze kupeza zokhudzana ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo ndi ndondomeko ya thanzi.
> Chitsime:
> Kaiser Family Foundation. Inshuwalansi ya Chiwerengero cha Anthu Onse. Ndemanga 2016. https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/total-population/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22% 7D