Kulingalira Mlingo Malangizo ndi Nthawi
Ngati dokotala wanu wakuuzani mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito mawu monga QID kapena Q6H, kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Ngati mankhwala atchulidwa maola 4 kapena 6 alionse, kodi mukufunikira kudzutsa usiku kuti mutenge? Kodi mungatanthauzire bwanji chinenero china chonse chofotokoza za mankhwala anu? Tiyeni tiwamasulire zomwe mawuwa akutanthauza kuti mutenge mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu-ngakhale akuyankhula mu zomwe zikuwoneka kuti ndi chinenero china.
Nthawi Yothetsera Mankhwala pa Cholembedwa Chachidokotala
Anthu ambiri ali ndi mafunso okhudza nthawi yomwe amapeza mankhwala, ayang'anirani malamulo pa tsamba lokhudzidwa, kapena kumbukirani malangizo operekedwa ku ofesi kapena kuchipatala. Mwinanso mungakhale ndi mawu awa akuyembekeza kuti simukusowa dokotala kuti afotokoze malangizo ake.
Ngakhale sitikudziŵa cholinga cha dokotala wanu, kapena kudziwa zomwe zinanenedwa ku ofesiyi, tikhoza kukupatsani tanthauzo la mawu awa omwe angakudalitseni kuthandizira kumwa mankhwala anu momwe akufunira. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi lingaliro limodzi lofunika: chiwerengero cha mlingo chiyenera kutengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku mofanana ndi momwe mungatengere mankhwala anu nthawi zambiri.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa QID (Tengani 4 Times Tsiku ndi Tsiku) ndi q6H (Tengani Maola 6)? "
Kusiyanitsa kwa mankhwala pa mankhwala ndi pamene mankhwala atchulidwa pa nthawi inayake, kapena mmalo mwake, amalembedwa ngati mlingo wamtundu umene uyenera kutengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku.
Chitsanzo chingakhale mankhwala omwe atchulidwa QID (kutanthauzira kutanthauza kumwa mankhwala nthawi 4, tsiku ndi tsiku) ndi q6h, zomwe zikutanthawuza kumwa mankhwala maola asanu ndi limodzi. Kusiyana kwake ndi chiyani?
Choyamba, tiyenera kufotokoza zomwe dokotala wanu analemba sizikuyimira zomwe anali kuganiza.
Ngati mukukaikira, funsani nthawi zonse. Ngati mankhwala atchulidwa QID (4 patsiku) nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti mankhwala amwedwa katatu patsiku kufalikira maola othawa . Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mankhwala omwe amalembedwa q6h (maola 6 alionse) amakhala okonzedwa kuti atenge maola asanu ndi limodzi, ngakhale mutayika ndi kuwuka kuti mutsimikize kuti mukutsatira ndondomekoyi.
Kodi mankhwala osokoneza bongo angatengedwe liti panthawi yokhazikika komanso nthawi yowonjezera ili yofunikira?
Pakati pa mankhwala a ola -zomwe muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yeniyeni, nenani maola asanu ndi limodzi (6) - mungafunikire kusunga miyezo ya mankhwala mumagazi anu pamwamba pa nambala inayake. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mankhwala mumagazi anu nthawi iliyonse pa tsiku la ola limodzi ndi 24 ndikofunikira, kutenga mankhwala pa nthawi yoikika akulimbikitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa ndi mankhwala a mtima wambiri, mankhwala a mtima, kapena chinachake chokhala ngati magazi ochepa . Kuti mumvetse izi mungafune kuganizira momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ndi magazi owonda kwambiri, mukufuna kuonetsetsa kuti miyezo yanu ilibe nthawi zonse. Ndi ndondomeko ya QID, mukanakhala kuti mwatchutchutchu kwambiri mumakhala nthawi yambiri ndipo mumakhala ochepa kuposa ena.
Mosiyana, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka kapena kuyabwa, kuigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yowuka (mwachitsanzo q6h) kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri ngati simukusowa mankhwala m'dongosolo lanu pamene mukugona. Madokotala ena amafotokoza izi pa mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, kulemba QID kapena q6h (kapena nthawi zina) pamene akuwuka .
ATC ndi mawu ofotokozera omwe amatanthauza kuzungulira mankhwala ola limodzi . Izi kawirikawiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala monga mankhwala a mtima, koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mankhwala opweteka komanso, makamaka pamene kumbuyo kwa mankhwala kungayambitse zizindikiro zowawa. Ndikumva kupweteka kwambiri, makamaka ndi mankhwala opweteka omwe amatha kumapeto kwa moyo, mankhwala opweteka amathandizidwa ATC mmalo mwa PRN (ngati pakufunika) kuti asunge kupweteka kopweteka.
Kufunika kofunikira kwa mankhwala kungathenso kudziwa nthawi. Kwa matenda monga strep throat, mankhwala akhoza kuuzidwa 4 nthawi tsiku lililonse pamene akuuka. Matenda owopsya, mosiyana, ndikofunika kumwa mankhwala pa nthawi yochepa (mwachitsanzo, maola 4 alionse) kuti muwonetsetse kuti mliri wanu wa magazi suli pansi pa msinkhu wa mankhwala.
Zolemba Zina Zopezeka pa Zopangidwe - Kusintha Chilankhulo
Zitsanzo zathu za QID ndi q6h pamwamba ndi chitsanzo chimodzi chokha cha momwe nthawi ikuwonetsera pa mankhwala. Nawa matembenuzidwe a zina mwazolemba zomwe mungawerenge kapena kumva kuchokera kwa dokotala:
- PO amatanthawuza pamlomo
- QD imatanthauza kamodzi pa tsiku
- BID imatanthauza kawiri patsiku
- TID imatanthauza katatu patsiku
- QID imatanthauza kasanu pa tsiku
- QHS amatanthauza musanagone
- Q4H amatanthauza maola 4 alionse
- Q6H amatanthauza maola asanu ndi limodzi
- Q8H amatanthauza maola asanu ndi atatu
- QOD imatanthauza tsiku lirilonse
- PRN imatanthawuza ngati pakufunika - mankhwala a PRN ndiwo omwe amafunikira kokha ku zizindikiro zochepa, monga kupweteka, kunyowa, kapena kuyabwa
- Akutanthauza chakudya chisanakhale chakudya (zikhoza kulembedwa qac) - Mankhwalawa angaphatikizepo nthawi yayitali asanayambe kudya mankhwala omwe ayenera kumwa, mwachitsanzo, ora limodzi musanadye (izi ndizo mankhwala omwe amafunika kutengedwa Mimba yopanda kanthu kuti imwanire bwino kotero kufotokoza uku ndikofunikira)
- PC imatha chakudya - Mankhwala ena amamwa bwino kwambiri m'mimba, ngakhale nthawi zina mankhwala amathandizidwa pambuyo pa chakudya kuti achepetse mimba.
- IM imatanthauza intramuscularly (jekeseni) - Intramuscularly amatanthauza kuti jekeseni imaperekedwa mu minofu
- Subq amatanthauza subcutaneous (jekeseni) - Subcutaneous amatanthauza kuti jekeseni waperekedwa pansi pa khungu, ngati chifuwa cha TB.
- IV amatanthawuza intravenous (jekeseni) - Majeremusi amtunduwu amatha kuperekedwa kudzera mu mzere wodutsa kapena Port
- qtt njira zamadontho
- OD amatanthauza diso lakumanja (kuganizira madontho a diso)
- OS imatanthauza diso lamanzere (taganizirani madontho a diso)
- OU amatanthawuza kumaso onse awiri (kuganizira madontho a diso)
Zina Zolemba pa Kutenga Nthawi
Kuphatikizanso apo, mukhoza kuona chizindikiro pa script yanu yomwe ikuwoneka ngati "T" ndi dontho pamwamba pake. Chidule ichi chimatanthauza mapiritsi limodzi. Pakhoza kukhala amodzi pa 4 T ndi madontho pamwamba pa iwo akuimira mapiritsi 4.
Mwachiwonekere, simungathe kuwona zilembo zonsezi mulemba limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, OD, OS, ndi OU amagwiritsa ntchito madontho osati madokotala.
Chonde kumbukirani kuti kuwonjezera kwa dokotala wanu, mankhwala anu ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri podziwa momwe mankhwala anu amagwiritsira ntchito, zotsatira zake zoipa, kapena momwe mankhwala anu ayenera kukhalira. Akatswiri a zamaphunziro ndi odziwa bwino ndipo amaphunzitsidwa kuyankha mafunso anu onse. (Monga madokotala, asayansi amapita kukamaliza sukulu ndi malo ambiri okhalamo.) Anthu ambiri amapitiliza kufunsa azimayi awo mafunso, zomwe ziri zosautsa chifukwa wamalonda akhoza kukhala chithandizo chamtengo wapatali. Kotero, nthawi yotsatira mukakhala ku pharmacy ndikukhala ndi funso funsani kufunsa wamankhwala wanu.
Dziwani zambiri za mankhwala anu
Dongosolo la mlingo sikuti ndi funso lokhalo limene anthu angakhale nalo podziwa malamulo kapena kulankhulana kwa m'kamwa kuchokera kwa dokotala. Phunzirani zambiri zokhudza zilembo za mankhwala ndi momwe mungawerengere mankhwala anu okhudza mankhwala, monga momwe chiwerengero cha refills chikuloledwa, komanso ngati mukulandira dzina la mankhwala kapena mankhwala ochiritsira.
Pomaliza, mwinamwake mwamvapo nkhani yakuti zolakwika zachipatala ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha imfa ku United States. Mwamwayi, zambiri za zolakwazi zimalephera pamene odwala alimbikitsa odwala awo ndikufunsa mafunso ambiri. Onani mndandanda wa mafunso 15 omwe muyenera kumufunsa dokotala za mankhwala alionse omwe mwalangizidwa. Mwinanso mutha kuonetsetsa kuti mukudziwa momwe mungapewere zolakwika za mankhwala .
Ndipo kuti mutsimikizire chitetezo chanu, onetsetsani kuti mukuchita zinthu izi nthawi zonse mukamadzaza mankhwala .
> Zosowa
- > Haseeb, A., Winit-Watjiana, W., Bakhsh, A. et al. Kugwira ntchito kwa a Pharmacist-Njira Yophunzitsira Njira Yothandizira Kuchepetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zizindikiro Zazikulu Zopweteka Mwachidwi Kukhazikitsa ku Saudi Arabia: Phunziro lachidziwitso. BMJ Open . 2016. 6 (6): e011401.
- > Nkansah, N., Mosteovetsky, O., Yu, C. Chheng, T., Beney, J., Bond, C., ndi L. Bero. Zotsatira za Azimayi Omwe Akudwala Matenda Omwe Akudwala "Ntchito Zopanda Kuchokera pa Zotsatira Zopirira ndi Kufotokoza Zitsanzo. Dongosolo la Cochrane la Zosintha Zogwirizana . 2010. (7): CD000336.