Mutu wa infestation wa nsabwe ndi vuto lalikulu. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timapezeka m'mbuyo mwa makutu komanso pafupi ndi khosi la kumbuyo kwa khosi. Ngakhale kukhumudwa, kutaya thupi si vuto la thanzi ndipo nsabwe sizinayambitse kufalitsa matenda alionse. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuthandizira kwambiri kuchotsa nsabwe ndi mazira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zothandiza.
Pali milandu 6 miliyoni mpaka 12 miliyoni ya nsabwe za mutu ku United States chaka chilichonse, ndi ana ambiri kuposa akuluakulu.
Zizindikiro
Kuwona mutu wa mutu ndi chizindikiro chachikulu. Mukawona zomwe zikuwoneka ngati mpunga wazing'ono zikuyendayenda tsitsi, ndiye kuti mwina pali nsabwe yotsekemera. Mukhozanso kuona mazira a mandimu, otchedwa nitsiti, ndi tsitsi la tsitsi.
Mukakhala ndi nsabwe pamutu, mukhoza kumverera kuti chinachake chikuyendetsa tsitsi lanu. Mphungu zimagwira ntchito pambuyo pa mdima ndipo izi zingayambitse kugona. Kuwotcha kwa khungu kumayamba chifukwa cha zomwe zimagwira ntchito pamatope. Izi zimatenga nthawi kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yoyamba yomwe munthu ali ndi nsabwe, kotero kuti mukhale ndi nsabwe kwa masabata anayi kapena asanu musanayambe kumva kuyabwa. Izi zidzafika posachedwa pakapita chiwerewere, monga momwe mwalimbikitsidwira kale.
Kukwapula kungabweretse kuchipatala chachiwiri ndi zilonda zofiira kapena pustula pa scalp.
Kutupa kwa mitsempha ya m'magazi kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo kwa khosi kungapangitse chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.
Zimayambitsa
Mutu wa mutu, Pediculus humanus capitis, nthawi zambiri amafalikira mwachindunji ndi mutu kapena tsitsi la munthu wodwala. Mapira sangathe kuwuluka kapena kulumpha, amangokwera basi, choncho iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yofalitsira.
Ana m'masukulu oyambirira komanso kusamalira ana, komanso ana a sukulu ndi mabanja awo, ali pachiopsezo chachikulu.
Kufalikira kwa nsabwe kuchokera ku zinthu ndi kotheka koma sikofala. Zophatikizira zingakhale monga kusamalira tsitsi monga zisa ndi maburashi, zovala ngati zipewa, ndi zinthu monga miyendo ndi zinyama zomwe zimaphatikizana ndi tsitsi.
Mutu wamatenda ammimba siwodziwika kwambiri ku Afirika Amerika, mwinamwake chifukwa chakuti mtsikanayo amakonda tsitsi lalitali ndi mzere. Koma nsabwe zingapezeke pafupipafupi, motalika, mozungulira, kapena tsitsi lolunjika la munthu aliyense.
Anthu ambiri amadandaula kuti adzakhumudwa ngati atapeza nsabwe. Komabe, kufalikira kwa nsabwe pamutu sikukukhudzana ndi ukhondo wanu kapena kuyeretsa kwanu. Malangizowo amapezeka padziko lonse m'magulu onse a chikhalidwe.
Kudziwa
Mutu wamatenda wotsamba umapezeka ndiwona nsabwe pamutu wa munthuyo. Nsabwe ikhoza kukhala mu gawo lililonse la moyo-akuluakulu, nymphs, kapena mazira (mazira). Mukhoza kuwayang'ana panyumba ndi chisa cha mandimu ndi lenti yopukusa. Ngati simukudziwa, dokotala akhoza kuyang'ana nsabwe. Ngati nthenda yamutu imadziwika, mamembala onse a m'banja ayenera kufufuzidwa.
Kupeza nthiti mkati mwa kotalika inchi kuchokera pa scalp kumatsimikizira kutuluka kwa chifuwa chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa, pamene nthiti zakutchire sizikutsimikiziridwa kuti imatuluka m'mimba.
Mitsuko ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndi ziphuphu chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pamutu, pamene zimatha kusunthira mosavuta kapena kuchoka pamthunzi wa tsitsi.
Chithandizo
Mzere woyamba wa chithandizo cha nsabwe pamutu ndi shampoo yochuluka kwambiri ya o-anti-lice. Zogulitsa kwambiri ndi Nix (permethrin) ndi Rid (pyrethrins plus piperonly butoxide). Amapha nsabwe wamkulu ndi nymphs. Chifukwa chakuti samawononga nthata, amayenera kuyanjidwa patatha masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena khumi pamene nthiti zimathamanga.
Mankhwala a OTC akuphatikizana ndi chonyowa-chophatikiza ndi chisa cha tizilombo chabwino chochotsa nsabwe ndi nthiti. Njirayi ikhoza kuchitika yokha popanda kuthandizidwa, koma izi zimafuna khama kwambiri kuti zitsamba ndi nthiti zichotsedwe.
Ngati nsabwe zimagonjetsedwa pambuyo pa mankhwala oyamba a OTC, dokotala akhoza kupereka mankhwala opatsirana monga Ovide (malathion), Ulesfia (benzyl alcohol 5 peresenti), Natroba (spinosad), kapena Sklice (ivermectin). Palinso mankhwala angapo ovomerezeka omwe angaperekedwe, koma sakuvomerezedwa ndi FDA pa cholinga chimenecho ndipo ntchito yawo ilibe.
Njira zowononga kunyumba zimaphatikizapo kudula nsabwe ndi kuvala tsitsi ndi khungu lopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe monga mafuta, mafuta odzola, kapena mayonesi, ndipo amazisiya usiku wonse. Komabe, kungakhale kuyeretsa mosamala pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito othandizirawa omwe amawabweretsera mphamvu. Mankhwala monga vinyo wosasa amene amatchulidwa kuti amamasula nitsamba sasonyeza kuti ndi othandiza ndipo ena angayambitse ubweya kuwonongeka, khungu kapena maso, kapena zoopsa zina.
Mafuta ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana amafunika, ndipo ena monga mafuta a tiyi (melaleuca) ndi mavitamini a lavender ndi zolemba za mbeu za neem zomwe zimasonyeza kuti zingakhale zothandiza. American Academy of Pediatrics imachenjeza kuti mankhwala a zitsamba sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa makanda ndi ana.
Zosamalidwa tsitsi lonse, zipewa, ndi zobvala za munthu wotayika ayenera kuyeretsedwa ndi kutsuka kapena kutsuka. Palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena fumbi m'nyumba mwanu.
Kulimbana
Zingakhale zovuta kuti mupeze nsabwe komanso kuti mupirire mavuto ake, zamaganizo, komanso zakuthupi . Tengani njira zothetsera nkhaŵa yanu ndi kumutsimikizira mwana wanu kuti izi sizikutanthauza kuti anachita chinachake cholakwika. Mungathe kutenga chithandizo choyenera kuti mukhale ndi mankhwala osakanikirana (komanso osangalatsa) ngati n'kotheka.
Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi HIV, kuyankhulana ndi sukulu ndi makolo ena n'kofunika kuti athandize kufalikira kwa nsabwe ndikuonetsetsa kuti aliyense akuwonetseredwa. Pamene mukugawana nkhaniyi, dziwani kuti mukhoza kuthamangira kwa anthu omwe akutsutsana ndi nthano komanso kusamvetsetsa za nsabwe. Onetsetsani kuti mudziphunzitse nokha kuti muthe kuyankhulana zolondola kwa ena.
Muyenera kusintha kasamalidwe ka ana anu ngati sukulu ya mwana wanu kapena kusamalira tsiku ndi tsiku ali ndi ndondomeko ya "no-nit". The American Academy of Pediatrics ndi ena akuluakulu akulangiza kuti ana akhoza kubwerera mwamsanga atayamba chithandizo, koma madera ena ndi mapulogalamu akadakalibe ndondomeko yolimba.
> Zotsatira:
> Abdel-Ghaffar F, Al-Quraishy S, Al-Rasheid KA, Meh H. H. Kugwira ntchito kwa chithandizo chimodzi chokha cha Mutu wa Mutu ndi Mbewu ya Nthiti Kuchokera: Mu Vivo ndi mu Vitro Phunziro pa Mitsinje ya Nits ndi Motile. Parasitol Res. 2011 Jun 11.
> Barker SC, PM a Altman. Gulu lopangidwa, Losaoneka, Lofanana ndi Efficacy Trial of Three Products for Treatment of Head Lice in Children - Melaleuca Mafuta ndi Lavender Oil, Pyrethrins ndi Piperonyl Butoxide, ndi "Suffocation" Product. BMC Dermatol. 2010 Aug 20; 10: 6.
> Devore CD, Schutze GE. Mutu wa Mutu. Matenda . 2015; 135 (5). lembani: 10.1542 / peds.2015-0746.
> Mutu wa Mutu. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/head/index.html.
> Meister L, Ochsendorf F. Mutu wa Mutu: Epidemiology, Biology, Kuzindikira, ndi Chithandizo. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International . 2016; 113 (45): 763-772. lembani: 10.3238 / arztebl.2016.0763.