Zovuta zachipatala zomwe anazipeza zakhala zovuta kudziwika kwazaka makumi angapo tsopano. Lingaliro lakuti pakati pa 700,000 ndi 1,000,000 odwala amapita kuchipatala kukachipatala chaka chilichonse ndipo amatenga matenda atsopano kuti asatengere tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamene ali kuchipatala ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha zinyalala zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mavuto azachuma.
Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zotsuka m'manja, zitsulo zoyenera kutsukidwa kuti ziyeretsedwe, ndipo ngakhale zowonongeka zowonongeka zonse zopangidwa kuti zitha kupha majeremusi, ogwira ntchito zaumoyo akhala akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kutsuka khungu lawo.
Kuyambira mwezi wa April 2015, US Food & Drug Administration yatulutsa lamulo lopempha kuti opanga akatswiri a khungu la mankhwalawa apereke umboni wakuti ntchito zamagwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku siziika moyo wawo pachiswe.
A FDA ali ndi nkhawa zingapo.
- A FDA akufuna kutsimikizira mopanda kukayikira kuti izi zotsutsana ndizovuta kwambiri kuti, pamene akupha majeremusi amakumana nawo mwa kugwira, iwo alibe zotsatirapo zomwe sangathe kuzipeza mpaka atachedwa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, a FDA akufuna kutsimikiza kuti palibe pang'onopang'ono koma kuwonongeka kwa thanzi labwino chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amatsutsana ndi otsutsa.
- Nkhani ina yomwe ili mu funso ndi kuleza mtima kwa majeremusi. Kodi majeremusi amavomereza kulekerera kwa mankhwalawa? Ndipo ngati zili choncho, kodi malondawa akuchitanji? Mankhwala osokoneza bongo mumasamba ndi zowononga? Kodi kuyesa kwakhala kotalika bwanji kuti mudziwe malire akunja a chitetezo cha mankhwalawa?
- Ndipo bwanji za mwayi wololera kuti ogwira ntchito zaumoyo okha omwe angakhale akumanga? Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngati tikudziwa kuti majeremusi angasinthe kukhala ndi moyo pankhope ya oyeretsa ndi odzola, kodi antchito amene amatsuka mankhwalawa pamatenda awo tsiku ndi tsiku amachititsa kulekerera kuti zikhale zochepa, zochepa zowononga tizilombo todzipezera okha mu njira yovulaza ya mabakiteriya oopsa kwambiri?
Izi ndizo muzu wa kafukufuku wa FDA komanso chifukwa chake akufunsa opanga mankhwalawa kuti apereke umboni wochuluka wa chitetezo chawo. A FDA amanena kuti ogwira ntchito zaumoyo ambiri amakopera mankhwalawa pakhungu lawo kufikira kasanu pa tsiku. Ndizodziwikiratu ntchito imeneyi yomwe imakhudza FDA. Pamene mowa wambiri, ayodini, ndi zina zowonjezera zomwe zimapezekanso mu khunguli zimakanikizidwa khungu kambirimbiri pa tsiku, kodi izi zimachita chiyani kwa munthu pazaka 20 kapena 40?
Pakali pano, a FDA amavomereza ndi American Cleaning Institute, bungwe lalikulu kwambiri la malonda omwe akuimira mafakitale oyeretsera, chifukwa chakuti zitsulo zopangira mafuta, zokometsera, zokometsera, ndi zitsamba ziyenera kupitilira kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupewa chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala ndi chimodzi mwa ntchito zoyambirira zothandizira kuchipatala. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti mankhwalawa amathandiza kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa 'kuchepa kwa kachilombo ka HIV komanso kuchepetsa kufa kwa odwala ndi chipatala chomwe chinapezedwa.
American Cleaning Institute imakhulupirira kuti FDA iyenera kukhala ndi deta yonse yomwe ikufunikira kuchokera pazaka zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi mankhwalawa.
Bungweli linanena kuti panalibe mgwirizano wowonongeka pakati pa mankhwala oyeretsera ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi thanzi la anthu omwe akhala akuwagwiritsa ntchito kwa zaka makumi angapo.
Koma a FDA sakukhulupirira kuti aliyense wayang'ana pafupi kuti awone ngati chigwirizano chokhacho chiripo. Chifukwa chake, wapereka lamulo ili kuti asonkhanitse deta, ndikulimbikitsa antchito a zaumoyo kuti apitirize kutsata ndondomeko zoteteza matenda ndi malo omwe zipatala zili nawo. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zowononga manja ndi maziko a machitidwe oletsa kupewa matenda, kotero kuti tsogolo lapadera izi ziyenera kupitiriridwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito.