Mitsempha ya basila imapangidwa ndi mitsempha iŵiri yomwe imagwirizanitsa pamodzi. Izi ndizo zotengera zomwe zimagawira magazi kumbuyo kwa ubongo. Mbali iyi ya ubongo, yotchedwa brainstem ikuyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ndi kayendedwe kake ndipo imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pa kugona, kulota, chimbudzi, kumeza, kupuma, masomphenya ndi kuthamanga kwa mtima.
Zimayambitsa
Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimene zingakhudze kutuluka kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo. Mliri umene umapezeka mu ubongo umayambitsa magazi kapena kutaya magazi. Nthawi zina, kupwetekedwa kwa ubongo kungakhale chifukwa cha kuvulazidwa kwa mitsempha chifukwa cha mutu wa modzidzimutsa kapena mutu.
Mofananamo ndi zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, zimayambitsa zotsatirazi:
- Kusuta
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Matenda a shuga
- Mitsempha yapamwamba ya cholesterol
- Kuchokera pa khoma lamakono
- Matenda othandizira
- Vasculitis
- Matenda a Orthopedic a m'khosi
Zizindikiro
Kukwapula chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kapena kutuluka m'magazi a basila kungayambitse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaphatikizapo kufooka, kupuma kovuta, kumeza, masomphenya awiri, kuphatikizapo imfa.
Zina mwa zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika pamasewera a basilar ndi awa:
- Kulimbana ndi vuto
- Vertigo
- Masomphenya awiri kapena kutayika kwa masomphenya
- Kutaya chiyanjano
- Kulimbana ndi vuto
- Zovuta kunena mawu
- Numbness
- Kufooka kwa theka la thupi
- Nausea
- Kutaya kwaiwala
- Incontinence
- Mutu
- Kukwapula
Kudziwa
Sitiroko zomwe zimachitika mu ubongo zimakhala zovuta kudziwa chifukwa zizindikiro zawo ndizovuta. Mayesero otsatirawa angapangidwe kuti atsimikizidwe:
- CT scan
- Kujambula kwa MRI
- Computed tomography angiogram (CTA)
- Maginito resonance angiography (MRA)
- Ultrasound
- Mayeso a magazi
- Echocardiogram
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Holter Monitor
- X-ray
Chithandizo
Kachilombo ndi matenda achipatala ndipo amafunika kuchiritsidwa mwamsanga. Chithandizo cha kupwetekedwa kwa mitsempha ya basila ndi chofanana ndi cha stroke. Chithandizochi chingaphatikizepo kuyang'anira makina opanga mankhwala a plasminogen (tPA) malinga ngati wodwala walandira ilo pasanathe maola atatu kuyambika kwa zizindikiro.
Kuchepetsa Zowopsa
Ngakhale kuti zifukwa zina zoopsa monga msinkhu, chikhalidwe, chibadwidwe, ndi fuko sizingatheke, wodwalayo amene ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga sitiroko angachepetse chiopsezo choyambitsa matendawa poyamba chithandizo chimene chimayambitsa zoopsa zawo ndikusintha moyo wawo wosankha.
Njira zothetsera mavuto omwe angayambitse matendawa ndi awa:
- Kusiya kusuta
- Kutaya thupi
- Kuchita
- Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa
- Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa magazi omwe amapewa kuti asamangidwe