Medicare ndi pulogalamu ya boma la United States lomwe limapereka chithandizo cholipira chithandizo chaumoyo ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Choyamba chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1965 kuthandiza anthu omwe sangakwanitse kuchipatala kapena chithandizo chamankhwala pazaka zawo zapuma, kapena omwe anali olumala ku matenda ena monga matenda otchedwa renal stage . Lero, miyandamiyanda ya nzika za America zomwe ziri ndi zaka 65 ndi zoposa, ndipo mamiliyoni a achinyamata omwe amadwala matendawa amalandira thandizo la Medicare.
Ndani Amayang'anira Medicare?
Pulogalamu ya Medicare imayendetsedwa ndi Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) pansi pa Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Umoyo ndi Anthu (HHS) ku United States. Zimathandizidwa ndi misonkho ya federal kudzera mu kuchotsa malipiro kuyambira nthawi yomwe munthu amayamba kugwira ntchito monga wachinyamata, kudzera mu ntchito yake yopuma pantchito. Zimathandizidwanso ndi ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe sanalipire mokwanira pazaka zogwira ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mutagwira ntchito, mumalandira kale ndalama za Medicare kapena mbali yake.
Nzika ya ku America itatembenuka zaka 65, ndiye kuti akuyenera kulandira chithandizo cha Medicare kuti athandize kulipira thanzi kapena chithandizo chamankhwala ngati pakufunika.
Mankhwala a Medicare A, B, C ndi D - Akutanthauza Chiyani?
Mapazi akugwa m'madera anayi, otchedwa "Mbali." Mbali zosiyana zimatchula mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandizira kulipira ngongole ndi operekedwa ndi Medicare:
- Medicare Part A ndi chithandizo cha kuchipatala cha m'mimba, kuphatikizapo unamwino wothandizira, chipatala, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kunyumba
- Medicare Part B ndizopita kukadokotala ndi ntchito zothandizira monga kuyesa kuyesa
- Medicare Part C ndi gawo lomwe limakhudza njira za Medicare Advantage zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi makampani apadera. Awa ndiwo mapulani omwe Odwala ayenera kusankha kuti azilipira okha.
- Medicare Part D ndikuwonetsa mankhwala.
Onse omwe amalandira mankhwalawa amapeza zochepa, thandizo lofunikira la malipiro pa zigawo A, B, ndi D zokhudzana ndi malo opita kuchipatala, kupita kukadokotala ndi kulipira mankhwala ena. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti iwo ali mfulu - zimangotanthauza kuti amaperekedwa pang'ono, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mudalipira panthawi yomwe mukugwira ntchito (onani m'munsimu) ndi zomwe ndalama zanu zapachaka zilipo. Zowonjezera ndalama zidzabwera monga mawonekedwe a premium ndi / kapena ndalama.
Zomwe zili pansi pa Gawo C zimapereka ndalama zina ndipo zingasankhidwe ndi omwe angakwanitse. Munthu akamasankha mankhwala a Medicare Advantage kapena Medigap pansi pa Gawo C, izi zikutanthauza kuti adzasamalira inshuwaransi yawo monga momwe anachitira kale kwa Medicare zaka, kupyolera mwa wobweza. Komabe, popeza ali wodwala wa Medicare, wobwezera mwiniwakeyo adzalipidwa njira ziwiri: ndi iwo payekha, komanso ndi boma la federal.
Kodi Mankhwala Amafunika Bwanji?
Sitikudabwa kumva kuti yankho la funso la mtengo ndi, "zimadalira."
Ngati munagwira ntchito zamoyo musanakwanitse zaka 65, ndiye kuti munalipira ku Medicare kudzera mwa abwana anu. Momwemo, mudagula inshuwalansi ya umoyo kwa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zomwe munalandira.
Ndalama zinachotsedwa pa malipiro anu, ndipo ngati sizinali zokwanira, ndiye kuti mudalipira zambiri pamene mwalemba msonkho wanu wa msonkho.
Malingana ndi zosankha zomwe mumapanga pazomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa 65, mutha kulipira kwambiri chithandizo cha Medicare pamene mukuyenda. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutasankha mankhwala a Medicare kapena Medigap ndiye kuti mukhoza kulipira malipiro oonjezera, mosakayika kuti mupitsidwe patsogolo. Odwala ambiri omwe amapereka mankhwala amalipiritsa ndalama zothandizira ndalama komanso amalipiritsa ndalama, malinga ndi ndalama zawo pachaka. Malinga ndi ndondomeko ya mankhwala omwe mumasankha, mukhoza kulipira mankhwala oyenera omwe mukufunikira. Ngati mukufuna kubisala kunja kwa United States, kapena mukufuna chipinda chapadera kuchipatala, mukhoza kulipira zambiri.
Ndizo zisankho, ndi ubale wawo ndi mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti olembetsa akhale oyenera kuyambira pamene odwala a Medicare amasankha zomwe angafune kuti achite chaka chotsatira.
Kodi Kulembetsa Koti N'kutani?
Kwa nthawi ya milungu ingapo kumapeto kwa chaka, mwezi wa October mpaka December, nzika zomwe ziyenera kulandira Medicare chaka chotsatira, zikhoza kusankha ntchito za Medicare za chaka chomwechi. Nthawi imeneyi imatchedwa Medicare Open Enrollment. Chimodzimodzi ndi nthawi yolembera yomwe anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito zaumoyo amagwiritsa ntchito.
Pali zosankha zambiri zomwe zingapangidwe pa inshuwalansi ya Medicare. Mofanana ndi zosankha za inshuwalansi zaumoyo, akuluakulu amatha kusankha zochita zomwe madokotala akufuna kuti aziwasankha, kodi ndi mankhwala otani omwe angafunike, kapena angapereke ndalama zochuluka bwanji.
Chaka chilichonse pali kusintha. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, msonkhanowu umasintha kusintha. Kawirikawiri, mtundu wa kufotokozera kusintha. Mapulani omwe amaperekedwa chaka chimodzi akhoza kuponyedwa kapena kukwezedwa ndi a inshuwalansi apadera omwe amapereka chithandizo cha Medicare Advantage.
Palinso kusintha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chisamaliro chaka chilichonse chaka chomwe chimapangidwira kupeza zovuta, zina zomwe zimayang'ana pa chithandizo chaumoyo.
Kodi Ndingaphunzire Kuti Kuwonjezera pa Mankhwalawa?
Pali zothandiza kwambiri zomwe mungapeze kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza Medicare, kuyenerera kwanu, Kulembetsa Otsegula ndi Mapulani a Medicare Advantage, komanso:
- Pezani zokhudzana ndi Inshuwalansi ya Medicare yomwe ilipo kapena yomwe ikubwera
- Pezani chithandizo posankha ndondomeko yabwino kwambiri yomwe mungapite ku COMPASS (State Health Insurance Program)
- Dziwani zambiri za Medicare Advantage Plans kapena mapulani a Medigap .
- Kuchokera ku CMS - Centers for Medicare ndi Medicaid Services