Kuthandizira Kulembera Mankhwala Otchedwa Hormone Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Chithokomiro chikhoza kukhala chopanda mphamvu - chikhalidwe chodziwika kuti hypothyroidism - chifukwa cha matenda a Hashimoto, mankhwala ena, kapena zina. Chithandizo cha ayodini chowopsya kwa Matenda a Graves ndi hyperthyroidism chingachoke chithokomiro cholephera - kapena kutseka kwathunthu. Nthaŵi zina, kuchotsa opaleshoni (thyroidectomy) kumachitika ngati mankhwala a khansa ya chithokomiro, goiter (chithokomiro chokulitsa), kapena kawirikawiri, hyperthyroidism. Nthawi zina, makanda amabadwa ndi chithunzithunzi chosowa kapena chosagwira ntchito - matenda otchedwa congenital hypothyroidism.
Nthawi zonse, chithandizo cha chithokomiro chosawonongeka, kutseka chifuwa, kutsekedwa kwa opaleshoni kapena matenda owonongeka omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liwonongeke ndi mankhwala otsekemera m'malo mwake ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zotsatirazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule mankhwala othandizira mankhwala a chithokomiro.
Levothyroxine (Synthetic Thyroxine / T4)
Pakati pa madokotala ochiritsira, mankhwala otchuka kwambiri omwe amachititsa kuti mankhwala a chithokomiro amve mankhwalawa ndi levothyroxine, omwe amachititsa thyroxine (kutulutsa mahomoni otchedwa thyroid). Levothyroxine amatchedwanso l-thyroxine, ndi L-T4.
Ku United States, levothyroxine imapezeka ngati levothyroxine, komanso synthroid, Levothroid, ndi mapiritsi a Levoxyl a levothyroxine. Tirosint ndi mawonekedwe a gelcap a levothyroxine omwe akhala pamsika kuyambira 2011.
Ku Canada, Synthroid, Eltroxin, ndi PMS-Levothyroxine ndi mayina otchuka.
Madokotala ambiri samalimbikitsa levothyroxine . Maina a maina ndi okondedwa, ndipo mtundu uliwonse umaganiziridwa mofanana.
Liothyronine (Synthetic Triiodothyronine / T3)
Mankhwala otentha a chithokomiro onse thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine (T3), mawonekedwe a mahomoni a chithokomiro. Liothyronine ndi mawonekedwe a T3, ndipo amapezeka mu mawonekedwe monga Cytomel, komanso monga generic liothyronine. T3 ikhoza kuphatikizidwa.
Zaka zaposachedwapa, akatswiri ena akhala akulemba T3 kuwonjezera pa T4. Kafukufuku wina wa 2009 anasonyeza kuti ambiri mwa odwala amakonda levothyroxine pamodzi ndi T3 poyerekeza ndi mankhwala a levothyroxine okha.
Kafukufuku wotchuka wofalitsidwa ku New England Journal of Medicine anapeza kuti odwala anapindula ndi mankhwala okhudzana ndi T4 / T3 . Maphunziro ena ena alephera kusonyeza phindu ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhudzana ndi T4 / T3 kumapikisanabe.
Mankhwala atsopano omwe amamasulidwa a T3, Thyromax , ali m'mayesero a zachipatala ndipo akuyesedwa kuti athe kuvomerezedwa ndi kugawira ku US
Chithokomiro Chachibadwa Chodabwitsa
Chithokomiro chokongoletsedwa mwachilengedwe - nthawi zina chophwanyika NDT - ndi mankhwala okonzedwa kuchokera ku glands zowonongeka za porcine (nkhumba). Chithokomiro chodetsedwa ndi chilengedwe ndicho mankhwala okhawo omwe amapezeka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, pansi pa dzina lakuti Armor Thyroid, mpaka levothyroxine inayamba mu 1950.
Chithokomiro chachilengedwe chinasokonezeka chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa anali opangidwa mwatsopano komanso osasunthika. Koma kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1990, mankhwala opangidwa ndi chithokomiro atha kuyambiranso, makamaka ndi madokotala achikulire omwe amadziwika ndi mankhwalawa, komanso madokotala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatsutsa zizindikiro zawo kuposa mankhwala omwe amachititsa odwala.
Masiku ano, mankhwala ambiri a chithokomiro amapezeka ku US ndi m'mayiko ena, mwa mankhwala, monga Naturethroid, WP Chithokomiro, Zida Zankhondo , NP ya Chithokomiro (yopangidwa ndi wopanga Acella), ndi chithokomiro cha Canada chochokera kwa wopanga Erfa.
Liotrix (Synthetic Thyroxine / Triiodothyronine T4 / T3 Mgwirizano)
Liotrix inali yophatikizana kupanga thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine (T4 ndi T3). M'zaka zaposachedwa, liotrix inalipo mu mawonekedwe opangidwa, odziwika ndi dzina lakuti Thyrolar, ku Forest Labs. Koma Thyrolar yakhala ikuchoka pamsika kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo sichipezeka kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
> Zotsatira:
> Braverman, MD, Lewis E., ndi Robert D. Utiger, MD. Werner ndi Ingbar's The Thyroid: Mawu Ofunika ndi Otsogolera. 9th > ed > . Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.