Kukalamba kumalo osungirako magetsi
Malingana ndi National Association for Home Care ndi Hospice, chisamaliro cha kunyumba chinayamba ku US m'ma 1880. Pafupifupi anthu 12 miliyoni pakadali pano akulandira chisamaliro kuchokera kwa opereka oposa 33,000. Mu 2009, ndalama zapanyumba zapanyumba zapakhomo zinayesedwa kuti zikhale $ 72.2 biliyoni.
Mtundu Wopereka
"Mabungwe osowa kunyumba" amaphatikizapo mabungwe othandizira zaumoyo kunyumba, mabungwe othandizira a kunyumba, ndi hospice s.
Zina mwa mabungwe amenewa ndizovomerezedwa ndi Medicare, zomwe zimapereka ogwira ntchito ku Billare kuti azibwezereni.
- Oposa 62 peresenti ya mabungwe ndi omasuka
- 12 peresenti ndizochokera kuchipatala.
Mabungwe osamalira anthu osamalidwa kunyumba, mabungwe othandiza othandizira kunyumba, ndi odwala omwe amakhala kunja kwa Medicare amachitiranso zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Kawirikawiri sapereka upainiya umene amafunikira, monga chithandizo cha unamwino wodziwa bwino.
Mapulogalamu
Ntchito zaumoyo zapakhomo zikuphatikizapo:
- Home Health Help Services
- Ntchito Zamagwira Ntchito Za Zamankhwala
- Maubwino Achikulire
- Mapulogalamu a Zakudya
- Mankhwala othandizira thupi
- Ntchito zachipatala zogwira ntchito
- Mankhwala othandizira kupuma
- Mankhwala othandizira kulankhula
- Kunyumba Zamagetsi ndi Zida
- Mapulogalamu Amakono Opanga Zida Za Zamankhwala
Ntchito
Ntchito za CMS zomwe:
- Ndalama zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zachipatala mu 2009 zinali $ 2.5 trillion.
- Ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zomwe anthu amalipira ndalama zimakula kufika pa 8.7 peresenti mu 2009, kusiyana ndi chiwerengero cha 3.0 peresenti ya ndalama zogulira ndalama.
- Inshuwalansi yapayekha inachepera 1.2 peresenti, yochepetsera kukula kwa ndalama zogulira ndalama mu 2009.
Amalipira
Medicare ndi wothandizira wamkulu kwambiri wa chithandizo chamankhwala a kunyumba. Mu 2009, ndalama za Medicare zinali pafupifupi 41 peresenti ya ndalama zowonongeka kunyumba.
Malipiro a Medicaid akusamalira kunyumba amagawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu: zovomerezeka zowonongeka kwa pakhomo, ndi mapulogalamu awiri osankhidwa, chisamaliro chaumwini komanso zoperekera kunyumba.
Pamodzi, magulu atatu ogwira ntchito za kusamalirira kunyumba amaimira gawo laling'ono koma lokula la ndalama zonse za Medicaid.
Ntchito zothandizira zaumoyo ku United States zikupindula kwambiri kudzera m'mabungwe osamalira odwala. Mabungwe omwe amasamalira bwino, kuphatikizapo mabungwe okonza zaumoyo (HMOs), makamaka ndalama zothandizira chithandizo chamankhwala kupyolera mu mgwirizano wokambirana, wothandizira odwala.
Ovomerezeka a Chisamaliro ndi Osamalira
- Pafupifupi anthu 7,6 miliyoni ku US akufuna mtundu wina wa chisamaliro chaumoyo.
- Anthu opitirira 20,000 omwe amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala a pakhomo alipo lero.
- Pafupifupi awiri mwa magawo atatu (63,8 peresenti) a alangizi othandizira zaumoyo ndi amayi.
- Oposa theka la magawo atatu (69.1 peresenti) omwe amalandira chithandizo chaumoyo ali ndi zaka zoposa 65.
- Zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chithandizo chaumoyo wam'nyumba nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo shuga, mtima wosagwidwa, chilonda chachikulu cha khungu, osteoarthritis, ndi matenda oopsa.
- Mabungwe osaposa ana atatu (US) omwe ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi (18,9) omwe ali osamalira osakwanitsa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu (18) ali osamalira mwachidwi kwa munthu wa zaka zoposa 18, omwe ali ndi miyeso 16.8 miliyoni yosamalira ana kapena ana ndi akulu, .
- 63 peresenti ya osamalira ndi okwatirana ndipo / kapena amakhala ndi mnzawo, ndipo awiri mwa magawo atatu (66 peresenti) ndi akazi.
- Gawo limodzi la magawo atatu (34 peresenti) limasamalira anthu awiri kapena kuposerapo, ndipo 86 peresenti imapereka chisamaliro kwa wachibale-oposa theka lachisamaliro chosamalira kholo komanso wina mwa asanu ndi awiri (14 peresenti) akusamalira mwana wawo.
- Wowusamalira ndi mayi wa zaka 48 yemwe amapereka maola oposa 20 sabata iliyonse.
Omwe Amalipira Omwe Amalipira
Omwe amawasamalira okha ndi odziwa ntchito komanso ophunzitsa ena omwe amalipiritsa kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kunyumba.
- Anthu okwana 958,000 anagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabungwe othandizira azaumoyo kunyumba.
- chiwerengero chachikulu cha antchito / FTEs ndi thandizo la kunyumba ndi RNs.
- Kuchokera mu 1993 mpaka 2008, ntchito zapakhomo ntchito zinakula pafupifupi 5,4 peresenti pachaka (510,000 mpaka 961,400).
Kuyenera kwa Chisamaliro
Kusamalira kunyumba ndi ntchito yokwera mtengo kwa anthu omwe akuchira kuchipatala komanso kwa iwo omwe, chifukwa cha umoyo wabwino kapena womvetsetsa, sangathe kudzisamalira okha. Kusamalira kunyumba kumalimbikitsa komanso kumapereka chisamaliro chothandizidwa ndi achibale ndi abwenzi ndikukhala ndi ulemu komanso ufulu. Odwala amene analandira thandizo lakumudzi sakanakhalanso ochepetsedwa kuti apeze chithandizo cha kuchipatala.
Mavuto
Mu 2011 makampaniwa anakumana ndi vuto latsopano. Ophunzira a Medicare amafunika kukawona dokotala masiku 90 asanakhale kapena masiku 30 atangoyamba ntchito zaumoyo kunyumba kuti bungwe la thanzi labwino libwezere. Pansi pa lamulo lakale, adokotala amatha kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kunyumba kwa odwala kuti alandire chithandizo, koma dokotala sankayenera kumuwona wodwala kuti atsimikize.
Pansi pa lamulo latsopanolo, madokotala ayenera kulemba fomu kutsimikizira kuti iwowo kapena wina wothandizira zaumoyo monga wothandizira namwino wamuwona wodwalayo pofuna cholinga chodziwitsa wodwala kusowa kwawo. Izi zikuphatikizapo ntchito zamakono zomwe zimapereka chisamaliro chaumoyo wa kunyumba ndi kulemba pa dongosolo la chisamaliro, zomwe kawirikawiri zimapangidwa ndi bungwe la zaumoyo.