Leishmaniasis yochepa ndi matenda a khungu omwe amasiya zizindikiro pa khungu. Zakhala zikudziwika kwa othawa kwawo ena amene achoka ku Suria. Izi sizodabwitsa. Ndi matenda omwe amapezeka kuzungulira dziko lapansi ndipo makamaka adapezeka kwa nthawi yaitali ku Syria.
Zimayambitsa zilonda za khungu, koma, Leishmaniasis yochepa si yoipa ngati ingamveka.
Leishmaniasis nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti ndi matenda owopsa.
Nthawi zina, ndizo. Koma osati kawirikawiri mawonekedwe odulidwa. Leishmaniasis yochepetsetsa si Visceral Leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis yochepa siipha. Visceral amachita. Chifukwa onse awiri amatchedwa Leishmaniasis, nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka.
Mitundu iwiri ya Leishmaniasis imayambitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyana (kuchokera pa 21 yomwe imawopsyeza anthu). Ndipo kotero, nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi mantha oyenera okhudza kuchepetsa Leishmaniasis (CL kapena nthawi zina Leish yochepa). Malamulo ambiri a Leish ku Syria ali odulidwa. (Pambuyo pa VL ndi CL, palinso mucocutaneous, yomwe imapezeka ku Brazil, Peru, ndi Bolivia. Zikhoza kukhala zochitika nthawi zonse makamaka ku Middle East.)
Kodi Cutaneous Leishmaniasis imachita chiyani?
Leish yochepetsetsa imafotokozedwa ngati matenda a khungu omwe ndi "kudzipangitsa kudzipangitsa okha ndipo amasiya kuvutika maganizo". Izi zikutanthauza kuti, Leish yochepetsetsa imayambitsa khungu / kupweteka kwa khungu komwe kawirikawiri kumatha popanda chithandizo.
Sizimapweteka. Zingakhale zopweteka, ngati zikanakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a mabakiteriya kapena zogwirizana. Izo sizichita zambiri kuposa izo.
Kodi imafalikira motani?
Sandfly akuluma. Mitundu yapadera ya Sandflies imafunika kufalitsa zirombo zomwe zimayambitsa Leish. Nthawi zina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapita kuchokera ku nyama kupita ku mtundu wina.
Nthaŵi zina, zimalumphira munthu kuti aziwombera munthu.
Mitundu iwiri ya Leish imene imafalikira CL ingathe kufalikira m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndi mchenga. Makamaka, majeremusi aakulu a Leshmania amafalitsidwa ndi sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi kuchokera ku nyama kupita kwa anthu. Leishmania ya mafinya . tropica imafalitsidwa ndi sandfly P. sergenti kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu.
Izi zikutanthauza ngati wina atachoka ku Siriya kupita ku US, sakanafalitsa matendawa chifukwa nsomba za mchenga sizikanakhalapo.
Komabe, kawirikawiri, izo zikhoza kufalitsidwa mwa kuikidwa magazi.
Ndiye vuto ndi chiyani?
(a) Palibe amene amakonda chikwangwani
(b) Palibe amene amakonda maganizo a matenda opatsirana omwe amawopsa. (Mwamwayi, amangotenga kachilombo ka sandfly)
(c) Mipamwamba ya Leish ikhoza kutsogolera zowonongeka ndi kuchotsa zinyalala, kusowa kupopera kupopera kwa mchenga (kapena udzudzu), ndi kuwonjezereka komwe kumathandiza kuti mchenga wa mchenga ubwerere ndi kufalikira Leish pakati pa anthu kapena pakati pa anthu ndi zinyama (monga makoswe) .
Kodi zinthu zinali bwanji ku Syria?
Leish yochepetsedwa, yochitidwa ndi L tropica, inali yaikulu makamaka ku Aleppo - ndi ena akuluakulu L. Siriya inawona anthu 30,000 pachaka nkhondo isanayambe kuphulika pa nkhondo (ndipo kale, kwenikweni).
Kotero n'zosadabwitsa kuti anthu ena anali ndi Leish.
Iraq kale inali ndi Leish - L yaikulu (ndi zina zambiri Visceral). Lebanoni, makamaka, yakhala ikugwirizanitsa ndi kulowetsedwa kwadzidzidzi kwa Leish pambuyo poti alibe ufulu kwa zaka khumi. mwatsoka iwo anali ndi sandfly yogwirizana. (Greece nayenso ali ndi mbiri yakukhala ndi zofanana zofanana ndi Leish monga Aleppo anachitira - kale tisanayambe izi).
Kodi amachizidwa bwanji?
Leish yochepetsedwa nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa ndi jekeseni wambiri.
Chisamaliro cha odwala CL - ngakhale ku US - chingatanthauze kuchita zokhazokha ndikungoyang'ana kuchipatala chokha popanda kuchipatala.
Mankhwala oyenera a Leish si ophweka. Mavuto amatha kupindulitsa kwambiri, makamaka pa chithandizo chomwe chiri chosakanikirana ndi chosadulidwa mu zilondazo. Zilonda zambiri zimangokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zingatithandize kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komabe, zilonda zambiri zimachizidwa ndi jekeseni wa mankhwala enieni makamaka m'matumbo. ( Zindikirani y, meglumine antimoniate intralesional mankhwala). Majekeseniwa angafunikire kuchitidwa mlungu uliwonse mpaka nkhaniyo itatsimikiziridwa. Izi zimachitidwa makamaka pa zilonda pamaso, monga pa ma eyelids makamaka.
Kodi pali kukana kapena milandu yaitali?
Panalinso kudandaula chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka. L tropica, mitundu yochokera ku Aleppo, imadziŵikanso chifukwa chakuti imakhala yosakwanira kuposa mitundu ina ndipo pali malipoti a milandu yambiri yosagwira ntchito.
Kodi pali Visceral Leishmaniasis?
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti pali maulendo ena omwe amapezeka a Visceral Leishmaniasis. Izi sizinali zachilendo. 17 milandu ku Syria mu 2008. Iraq yakhala ndi zambiri. Pakati pa anthu othawa kwawo ku Syria, 2 mwa anthu pafupifupi 1000 anali Visceral. Ziri zovuta kudziwa, koma ngati izi zapezeka, izi zingakhale vuto losiyana.
Kodi ndondomeko ziti zomwe mungapewere popewera mchenga?
Pofuna kuletsa kufalikira kwa Leish, mimbulu iyenera kuleka kuluma anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi ena omwe ali nawo.
Mmene mungachite:
- Sandfly Vector Control (mwina kupopera mankhwala)
- Kutulutsidwa kwachitsulo - kumayimitsa nthaka yoweta Sandfly ndi makoswe (omwe amafalitsa L)
- Nthano Zamabedi (sizinagwirizane pa izi, WHO ndizo)
- Pewani Kukwanira Kwambiri (monga nsomba za mchenga zimatha kulumpha kuchokera ku chakudya chamagazi kupita ku chakudya chamagazi)
- Chisamaliro chithandizo chikhoza kuchepetsa milandu monga Leish yomwe imapezeka ku Syria ikufalitsa kwambiri anthu kuti mbalamezi zikhale ndi anthu (anthroponotic). Nthawi zambiri zimakhalabe m'madera akumidzi, ndipo Leish idzafalikira.