Waardenburg Syndrome amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zinayi
Matenda a Waardenburg ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zosiyana siyana za khungu ndi tsitsi. Mtundu umodzi wa matenda a Waardenburg amachititsanso kumva osamva (ogontha pa kubadwa). Matendawa amakhulupirira kuti 2-3% mwa onse osamva.
Matenda a Waardenburg amakhudza amuna ndi akazi komanso anthu amitundu yonse.
Zikuyembekezeka kuti zichitike m'modzi mwa anthu 42,000.
Zizindikiro ndi Mitundu
Matenda a Waardenburg amagawidwa m'magulu anayi, pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro. Anthu amaonedwa kuti ali ndi matenda a Waardenburg mtundu wa 1 ngati ali ndi zikuluzikulu zikuluzikulu ziwiri kapena 1 zazikulu kuphatikizapo 2 zochepa zomwe zili m'mndandanda womwe uli pansipa.
Miyezo yambiri:
- Obadwa osamva kapena omvera (congenital sensorineural hearing loss ) (58% ya anthu)
- Maso okongola a safirusi kapena maso awiri osiyana
- Kuveka koyera tsitsi pamphumi
- Wachibale wapamtima amene ali ndi matenda a Waardenburg
- Kona ya mkati mwa diso lomwe linasamukira kumbali (dystopia canthorum)
Njira zochepa:
- Mapazi a khungu loyera kapena loyera
- Msidya ikukwera chakumtima
- Mphuno zosaoneka bwino
- Kumeta tsitsi loyamba (ndi zaka 30)
Matenda a Waardenburg mtundu wa 2 amafotokozedwa kuti ali ndi zinthu zonse za mtundu wa 1 kupatula dystopia canthorum. Anthu 77 mwa anthu 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi mtundu 2 ali ndi vuto lokumva.
Matenda a Waardenburg mtundu wa 3 , kapena Klein-Waardenburg syndrome, ndi ofanana ndi mtundu woyamba koma umaphatikizapo mgwirizano wa minofu.
Matenda a Waardenburg mtundu wa 4 , kapena Waardenburg-Shah matenda, amakhalanso ofanana ndi mtundu woyamba koma amagwiritsa ntchito matenda a Hirschsprung (malungo a m'mimba).
Kudziwa
Ana obadwa ndi matenda a Waardenburg akhoza kukhala ndi tsitsi loyera komanso khungu limasintha komanso kutaya kumva. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozo ndi zosavuta, matenda a Waardenburg angapitirizebe kudziwika mpaka munthu wina yemwe am'banja lake atapezeka kuti am'peza ndipo am'banja lonse akuyesedwa.
Mayesero ovomerezeka akumvetsera angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti azindikire kuchepa kwa kumva.
Chithandizo
Zizindikiro zosiyana za matenda a Waardenburg amawoneka mwa anthu osiyanasiyana, ngakhale m'banja lomwelo. Anthu ena sasowa chithandizo pamene ena amafunikira opaleshoni kapena diso kapena zina zolakwika. Palibe zakudya zamtengo wapadera kapena zoletsedwa za ntchito, ndipo Waardenburg matenda sagwirizanitsa malingaliro.
Uphungu Wachibadwa
Chifukwa cha mmene matenda a Waardenburg amalembera (autosomal dominant) m'magawo 1 ndi 2, munthu wokhudzidwa amakhala ndi mwayi wokwanira 50 panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba yokhala ndi mwana wokhudzidwa. Popeza zizindikiro zimasiyana, palibe njira yodziwiritsira kuti mwana yemwe ali ndi HIV angakhale ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kapena zoopsa kuposa kholo lake. Cholowa cha mitundu 3 ndi 4 ndi zovuta kwambiri, koma uphungu wokhudzana ndi majini ungathandize kuthana ndi chiopsezo chodutsa Waardenburg matenda kwa mwana.
> Zotsatira:
> Bason, L. (2002). Matenda a Waardenburg. eMedicine.
> Dourmishev AL, Dourmishev LA, Schwartz RA, et al. Matenda a Waardenburg. Int J Dermatol 1999; 38: 656.
Yolembedwa ndi Richard N. Fogoros, MD